Specific Meaning(定義、用法、例句與發音)

specific

adjective

快速理解

What does "Specific" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Specific"?

「specific」主要形容明確、特定或詳細的事物。

  1. 1

    明確的、詳細的

    EN: clear and detailed information

    翻譯: 指資訊清楚且詳細,而非模糊或籠統。

  2. 2

    特定的、特指的

    EN: relating to one particular thing or person

    翻譯: 指與某個特定事物或人相關,而非泛指。

  3. 3

    特有的、獨特的

    EN: a quality or feature belonging only to something

    翻譯: 指某事物獨有或特有的性質或特徵。

小提醒:注意「specific」與「special」的區別。「specific」強調「明確、特定」,而「special」強調「特別、特殊」。例如:「specific instructions」(明確的指示) vs. 「special treatment」(特殊待遇)。

發音(How to Pronounce "Specific" in English

How to pronounce "Specific" in English?"Specific" US vs UK pronunciation

點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。

Real-life Examples of "Specific" from YouTube Videos

Why are these 32 symbols found in caves all over Europe | Genevieve von Petzinger | TED

TED

If we're talking about geometric shapes with specific, culturally recognized, agreed-upon meanings, than we could very well be looking at one of the oldest systems of graphic communication in the world.

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Definitions(定義)

What are the definitions of "Specific"?How does "Specific" change by context?

1. clearly defined or identified

明確的,特定的

Please give me specific instructions on how to complete the task.

請給我關於如何完成這項任務的具體指示。

The doctor asked for the specific time when the pain started.

醫生詢問了疼痛開始的具體時間。

2. relating to or intended for a particular thing

特有的,專門的

This tool has a specific purpose in the manufacturing process.

這個工具在製造過程中有其專門的用途。

The medicine is specific to this type of infection.

這種藥物是專門針對這類感染的。

3. detailed and exact

詳細而精確的

The contract includes specific details about delivery dates.

合約中包含關於交貨日期的詳細規定。

She provided a very specific description of the suspect.

她提供了對嫌疑犯非常精確的描述。

4. having a special application or effect

有特殊應用或效果的

There is no specific treatment for the common cold.

對於普通感冒,沒有特定的治療方法。

The law has specific provisions for protecting minors.

該法律有保護未成年人的特別條款。

Grammar & Patterns(句型)

What are common sentence patterns for "Specific"?How to make natural sentences with "Specific"?
PatternMeaningExample
specific + noun特定的、明確的Please provide specific examples. (請提供具體的例子。)
specific to + noun為…所特有的、專屬於…的This problem is specific to older versions of the software. (這個問題是舊版軟體所特有的。)
be specific about + noun/V-ing對…有明確說明/要求The instructions weren't specific about the required format. (說明中對所需格式沒有明確要求。)
get/give specific(s)得到/給出具體細節We need to get down to specifics before we can proceed. (我們需要先敲定具體細節才能繼續。)
for a specific purpose/reason為了特定目的/原因This tool was designed for a specific purpose. (這個工具是為特定目的而設計的。)

用法說明

How is "Specific" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Specific"?

specific to vs. specific for

  • specific to 強調某事物是「專屬於」或「僅適用於」某個特定對象、情況或群體,具有排他性。
  • specific for 則較常表示某事物是「為了」某個特定目的、用途或目標而設計或選擇的。
  • 在描述軟體、疾病或特徵時,specific to 的使用更為常見。
  • 兩者有時可互換,但 specific to 的使用範圍通常更廣。 EN: This software feature is specific to the latest version of the operating system. 翻譯: 這個軟體功能是專屬於最新版作業系統的。

EN:We need a tool specific for cutting metal sheets.

翻譯:我們需要一個專為切割金屬板而設計的工具。

EN:The symptoms are specific to this rare condition.

翻譯:這些症狀是這種罕見疾病所特有的。

EN:He gave instructions specific for the assembly of the cabinet.

翻譯:他給出了專為組裝這個櫥櫃而設的指示。

總結建議

一般情況下,表示「專屬於」或「特有於」時,使用 specific to 是較安全且常見的選擇。

易混淆對比

What is the difference between "Specific" and similar words?How to choose "Specific" vs alternatives?

specific vs particular

「specific」強調明確、具體的細節或特徵;「particular」則強調從群體中挑選出的特定一個,或對細節的挑剔。

specific vs concrete

「specific」指明確、不籠統;「concrete」指具體、有形、可感知,相對於抽象概念。

specific vs explicit

「specific」指內容具體;「explicit」指表達方式直接、清楚、不含糊,常涉及敏感或詳細內容。

口語用法

How is "Specific" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Specific"?

引述

在引述他人要求或指示時,常用 "specific" 來強調對方要求的精確性。 EN: She was very clear about what she wanted. She said, "Be specific." 翻譯: 她對自己的要求說得很清楚。她說:「要具體一點。」

EN:When I asked for feedback, my boss told me, "Give me something more specific."

翻譯:當我請他給予回饋時,我的主管告訴我:「給我更具體的內容。」

語氣強調

在對話中,有時會重複或加強語氣說 "specific",以表達不耐煩或要求對方停止含糊其辭。 EN: I don't want a general idea, I need the specific details. 翻譯: 我不要一個大概的想法,我需要具體的細節。

EN:A: "What kind of food do you feel like?" B: "I'm not sure, just something... specific."

翻譯:A:「你想吃什麼類型的食物?」 B:「我不確定,就是要…具體一點的東西。」

停頓填充

在思考或組織想法時,"specific" 有時會作為一個填充詞,表示說話者正在尋找精確的措辭或例子。 EN: The issue is with the, uh, specific wording of the contract clause. 翻譯: 問題在於合約條款中,呃,具體的措辭。

EN:We're looking for a candidate with a very... specific set of skills.

翻譯:我們正在尋找一位具備非常…特定技能組合的候選人。

請注意:以上口語用法在正式書寫或學術報告中應避免使用。在正式文體中,應直接、明確地使用 "specific" 來修飾名詞(如 specific requirements),而非將其作為對話中的填充詞或重複強調。

常見短語

What common collocations use "Specific"?What fixed phrases with "Specific" should I remember?

specific to

adj. + to + n.

特定於...的,專屬於...的

specific about

adj. + about + n./wh-clause

對...有明確要求或詳細說明

for a specific purpose

for + a + adj. + n.

為了特定目的

specific details

adj. + n.

具體細節

specific instructions

adj. + n.

具體指示

in a specific area

in + a + adj. + n.

在特定領域/區域

at a specific time

at + a + adj. + n.

在特定時間

highly specific

adv. + adj.

高度特定的,非常具體的

常見錯誤

What are common mistakes with "Specific"?Which "Specific" sentences look correct but are wrong?

×I need a special time to meet you.

I need a specific time to meet you.

使用 'specific' 表示明確的、具體的某個時間點,而 'special' 表示特別的、不尋常的。這裡是指一個確切的時間,而非一個特別的時間。

×I'm looking for a particular book about Chinese history.

I'm looking for a specific book about Chinese history.

雖然 'particular' 和 'specific' 有時可互換,但 'specific' 更強調明確的、獨一無二的對象,而非僅僅是某一個。當你心中已有確切目標時,用 'specific' 更佳。

×We need to be more specific about deadline.

We need to be more specific about the deadline.

'specific' 後面接名詞時,通常需要冠詞 (a, an, the) 或所有格來限定,除非名詞是不可數或複數形式泛指。

×The report was very specific, with over 100 pages.

The report was very detailed, with over 100 pages.

'specific' 強調明確、不模糊,指特定的點;'detailed' 強調包含許多細節、內容詳盡。一份100頁的報告是 'detailed' (詳盡的),而非僅僅是 'specific' (具體的)。

×Please tell me the exact specific location.

Please tell me the exact location. / Please tell me the specific location.

'exact' 和 'specific' 在此語意重複,擇一使用即可。兩者都傳達了「確切、不模糊」的意思。

×I have a question specific.

I have a specific question.

在大多數情況下,形容詞 'specific' 應置於名詞之前修飾它。後置修飾(如 'question specific to...')通常用於帶有介系詞片語或子句的較長修飾語。

詞形變化

What are the word forms of "Specific"?What are tense/participle forms of "Specific"?