These Meaning(定義、用法、例句與發音)

these

determiner

快速理解

What does "These" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "These"?

「these」是「this」的複數形式,用於指稱靠近說話者或正在討論的多個事物或人。

  1. 1

    指稱近處的多個事物

    EN: These books on the table are mine.

    翻譯: 桌上的這些書是我的。

  2. 2

    指稱剛提及或正在討論的多個事物

    EN: I bought some apples. These are for the pie.

    翻譯: 我買了一些蘋果。這些是用來做派的。

  3. 3

    與複數名詞連用,特指特定群體

    EN: These students have all passed the exam.

    翻譯: 這些學生全都通過了考試。

  4. 4

    用於介紹或引出多個人或事物

    EN: These are my colleagues, John and Sarah.

    翻譯: 這些是我的同事,約翰和莎拉。

小提醒:「these」是複數指示詞,後面必須接複數名詞(如 these cars, these ideas)。單數對應詞是「this」。

發音(How to Pronounce "These" in English

How to pronounce "These" in English?"These" US vs UK pronunciation

點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。

Real-life Examples of "These" from YouTube Videos

South Korea would accept Trump-Kim deal to freeze North Korea’s nuclear programme | BBC News

BBC News

The world is increasingly dividing into two camps, and South Korea is positioned right on the border, But these camps cannot completely shut their doors, So we can position ourselves in the middle.

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Definitions(定義)

What are the definitions of "These"?How does "These" change by context?

1. plural form of 'this'; used to indicate specific people or things near the speaker

「this」的複數形式;用於指示說話者附近的多個特定人或事物

These books are mine.

這些書是我的。

I like these shoes better than those.

比起那些,我更喜歡這些鞋子。

2. used to introduce or refer to people or things that are about to be mentioned or are present

用於介紹或指代即將被提及或在場的人或事物

These are the main points of the report.

這些是報告的重點。

Listen carefully to these instructions.

仔細聽這些指示。

3. used to emphasize the specific nature of the following noun, often contrasting with others

用於強調後接名詞的特定性質,常與其他事物形成對比

I can't stand these long meetings.

我受不了這些冗長的會議。

Where did you get these strange ideas?

你這些奇怪的想法是從哪裡來的?

4. plural form of 'this'; used to refer to specific things or people just mentioned or near

「this」的複數形式;用於指代剛剛提及或附近的多個特定事物或人

These are the documents you requested.

這些是您要求的文件。

I'll take these, please.

請給我這些。

Grammar & Patterns(句型)

What are common sentence patterns for "These"?How to make natural sentences with "These"?
PatternMeaningExample
these + plural noun這些(複數名詞)These books are very interesting. (這些書非常有趣。)
these + days/things/people這些日子/東西/人I've been very busy these days. (我這些日子非常忙碌。)
these + of + noun phrase(屬於)…的這些These of my friends are from Taiwan. (我的這些朋友來自台灣。)
these + (adjective) + ones這些(形容詞)的(東西)I prefer these red ones. (我比較喜歡這些紅色的。)

用法說明

How is "These" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "These"?

these vs. those

  • these 用於指代在空間、時間或心理上距離說話者較近的多個事物或人。
  • those 則用於指代距離較遠(無論是實際距離還是概念上)的多個事物或人。
  • 在對話中,these 常與手勢(如指向身邊物品)或上下文(如剛提到的近期事物)結合使用。
  • 當比較或對照兩組事物時,近處的一組用 these,遠處的一組用 those

對比例句: EN: I prefer these shoes right here. 翻譯: 我比較喜歡這裡的這幾雙鞋。

EN:Look at those birds in the distant tree.

翻譯:看遠處樹上的那些鳥。

對比例句: EN: These ideas we just discussed are innovative. 翻譯: 我們剛剛討論的這些想法很有創新性。

EN:Those old traditions are fading away.

翻譯:那些舊傳統正在逐漸消失。

總結建議

當你想指稱靠近你(無論是實際位置、時間點或談話焦點)的多個項目時,使用 these;反之,則使用 those

易混淆對比

What is the difference between "These" and similar words?How to choose "These" vs alternatives?

these vs those

「these」指近處的複數事物,「those」指遠處的複數事物。

these vs they

「these」特指特定複數事物,「they」泛指人或事物。

these vs the

「these」強調特定且近處的複數事物,「the」為一般定冠詞。

口語用法

How is "These" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "These"?

引述

在口語中,有時會用 "these" 來引述或指稱剛剛提到的一組事物,使對話更連貫。 EN: So I bought apples, oranges, and these—what are they called again? Kumquats. 翻譯: 所以我買了蘋果、橘子,還有這些——它們又叫什麼來著?金桔。

EN:You know, these new rules they introduced are really confusing.

翻譯:你知道嗎,他們推出的這些新規定真的很讓人困惑。

語氣強調

說話時,可以透過重讀 "these" 來強調所指的特定群體,與其他事物形成對比。 EN: I don't want any of those old books; I want these new ones. 翻譯: 我不想要那些舊書;我想要這些新的。

EN:Why are we looking at those pictures? These are the important ones.

翻譯:我們為什麼要看那些照片?這些才是重要的。

停頓填充

在思考或尋找合適詞語時,有時會用 "these..." 作為短暫的停頓填充,後面再補充說明。 EN: The problem with these... uh, modern gadgets, is that they break too easily. 翻譯: 這些...呃,現代小裝置的問題是,它們太容易壞了。

EN:We need to deal with these... what's the word... logistical issues first.

翻譯:我們需要先處理這些...該怎麼說...後勤上的問題。

正式寫作注意:在正式或學術寫作中,應避免將 "these" 用作停頓填充詞,也應確保其指代的前述名詞清晰明確,以保持文章的嚴謹與流暢。

常見短語

What common collocations use "These"?What fixed phrases with "These" should I remember?

these days

these days

現今,如今,最近

one of these

one of these + [plural noun]

這些...中的一個

these ones

these ones

這些(用於強調或區分)

in these

in these + [plural noun]

在這些...之中

all these

all these + [plural noun]

所有這些...

like these

like these

像這些一樣

these two/three/etc.

these + [number] + [plural noun]

這兩/三...個...

among these

among these + [plural noun]

在這些...之中

常見錯誤

What are common mistakes with "These"?Which "These" sentences look correct but are wrong?

×This books are interesting.

These books are interesting.

「these」用於複數名詞前,而「this」用於單數名詞前。當名詞為複數時,必須使用「these」。

×These information is useful.

This information is useful.

「information」是不可數名詞,視為單數,因此應使用「this」而非「these」。「these」僅能搭配可數名詞的複數形式。

×Can you pass me these papers? (指遠處的紙張)

Can you pass me those papers?

「these」指靠近說話者的複數事物,「those」指離說話者較遠的複數事物。根據實際距離選擇正確的指示詞。

×I want these.

I want these books.

在上下文不清楚時,單獨使用「these」可能造成語意不明。通常需要加上名詞或在前文已明確提及所指事物時才能單獨使用。

×These is my friends.

These are my friends.

「these」是複數指示詞,後面的動詞必須使用複數形式「are」,而非單數的「is」。主詞與動詞必須在數上一致。

×Are these your bag?

Is this your bag?

問句中的名詞「bag」是單數,因此應使用「this」而非「these」。疑問句也需注意名詞的單複數與指示詞的搭配。

詞形變化

What are the word forms of "These"?What are tense/participle forms of "These"?