Disease refers to an illness or medical condition that impairs normal bodily functions.
Specific Illness
EN: a specific medical condition with identifiable symptoms, such as heart disease or an infectious disease.
翻譯: 指一種有特定症狀的醫學病症，例如心臟病或傳染病。
General State of Poor Health
EN: a general state of ill health or a particular condition that causes harm to the body.
翻譯: 指身體不健康的普遍狀態，或對身體造成傷害的特定狀況。
Figurative Problem
EN: used figuratively to describe a serious problem or harmful condition in a society or system.
翻譯: 比喻社會或系統中嚴重的問題或有害的狀況。
小提醒：Remember that 'disease' is usually countable (a disease, many diseases). Avoid using it as an uncountable noun to describe the general concept of illness, for which 'illness' or 'sickness' might be more appropriate.
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Disease" from YouTube Videos
Boghuma Kabisen Titanji: Ethical riddles in HIV research
TED
“On the contrary, clinical trials are extremely useful tools and are much needed to address the burden of disease in developing countries.”
1. an illness affecting humans, animals, or plants, often caused by infection
影響人類、動物或植物的疾病，通常由感染引起
Heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide.
心臟病是全球主要的死亡原因之一。
The doctor diagnosed him with a rare genetic disease.
醫生診斷他患有一種罕見的遺傳性疾病。
Vaccines help prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
疫苗有助於預防傳染性疾病的傳播。
2. a particular quality, habit, or phenomenon regarded as harmful or undesirable
被視為有害或不當的特定品質、習慣或現象
Greed is a disease of modern society.
貪婪是現代社會的一種弊病。
The political commentator spoke about the disease of corruption.
那位政治評論員談論了腐敗這種痼疾。
3. a condition that prevents a system or organization from functioning normally
阻礙系統或組織正常運作的狀況
Bureaucratic inertia is a chronic disease in large institutions.
官僚惰性是大型機構中一種長期存在的痼疾。
The economist warned about the disease of inflation in the economy.
經濟學家警告了經濟中通貨膨脹的弊病。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| disease + of + [body part/organ] | 表示某個身體部位或器官的疾病 | The disease of the liver is often linked to lifestyle. (肝臟的疾病通常與生活方式有關。) |
| disease + in + [population/area] | 表示在特定人群或地區中存在的疾病 | There is a rare disease in this isolated community. (在這個與世隔絕的社區存在一種罕見疾病。) |
| suffer from + disease | 表示罹患某種疾病 | He suffers from a chronic disease. (他罹患一種慢性疾病。) |
| contract/catch + disease | 表示感染或患上某種疾病 | She contracted the disease while traveling abroad. (她在國外旅行時感染了這種疾病。) |
| treat/cure + disease | 表示治療或治癒疾病 | Modern medicine can cure many diseases. (現代醫學可以治癒許多疾病。) |
| prevent + disease | 表示預防疾病 | Vaccination helps prevent the disease. (接種疫苗有助於預防這種疾病。) |
| fight/combat + disease | 表示對抗疾病 | Researchers are fighting the disease with new drugs. (研究人員正用新藥對抗這種疾病。) |
| spread of + disease | 表示疾病的傳播 | The rapid spread of the disease caused a global alert. (這種疾病的快速傳播引發了全球警戒。) |
| outbreak of + disease | 表示疾病的爆發 | The outbreak of the disease was contained quickly. (這次疾病的爆發被迅速控制住了。) |
| symptoms of + disease | 表示疾病的症狀 | The symptoms of the disease include fever and fatigue. (這種疾病的症狀包括發燒和疲勞。) |
| risk of + disease | 表示罹患疾病的風險 | Regular exercise reduces the risk of heart disease. (規律運動能降低罹患心臟病的風險。) |
| a disease called + [name] | 表示一種名為…的疾病 | She was diagnosed with a disease called lupus. (她被診斷出一種名為狼瘡的疾病。) |
disease of the liver（肝臟疾病）。disease in children（兒童疾病）。
EN: Coronary artery disease is a common disease of the heart.
翻譯: 冠狀動脈疾病是一種常見的心臟疾病。EN:There has been an increase in respiratory disease in the urban population.
翻譯:都會區人口的呼吸道疾病有所增加。
EN:The study focused on diseases of the nervous system.
翻譯:這項研究聚焦於神經系統疾病。
EN:Controlling the spread of disease in crowded areas is a major challenge.
翻譯:控制疾病在擁擠區域的傳播是一大挑戰。
一般來說，談論影響特定器官或身體部位的疾病時用 disease of，描述疾病存在於某個群體或區域時則用 disease in。
disease vs illness
「disease」通常指有明確病因、症狀和診斷的具體疾病，偏向醫學上的客觀定義；「illness」則更側重個人主觀感受的不適或生病狀態，範圍較廣。
disease vs disorder
「disease」通常有明確的病因（如感染、基因缺陷）和病理變化；「disorder」則指身體或心理功能的失調或紊亂，病因可能不明確或更廣泛。
disease vs condition
「disease」是較具體的疾病名稱；「condition」是更廣泛、中性的術語，可指任何健康狀態（好或壞），包括疾病、失調、受傷或生理狀態。
在對話中，當引述他人或媒體的診斷或擔憂時，常用「disease」來傳達資訊。 EN: He said the doctor mentioned a rare disease, but they're still running tests. 翻譯: 他說醫生提到了一種罕見疾病，但他們還在進行檢查。
EN:I read an article that called loneliness a modern social disease.
翻譯:我讀到一篇文章，將孤獨稱為一種現代社會疾病。
在非正式對話中，會用「disease」來誇張地形容令人困擾或厭惡的習慣或現象，帶有幽默或抱怨的語氣。 EN: My obsession with checking my phone is a real disease at this point. 翻譯: 我這種不停檢查手機的習慣，現在簡直是一種病。
EN:His constant need to be right is a chronic disease.
翻譯:他總是要爭對的毛病，真是種慢性病。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，有時會用「It's like a disease...」作為比喻的開頭，來描述難以控制的行為或情況。 EN: Her shopping habit, it's like a disease—she just can't stop. 翻譯: 她的購物習慣，就像一種病——她就是停不下來。
EN:The gossip in this office spreads like a disease.
翻譯:這間辦公室裡的八卦傳播得就像疾病一樣。
注意：在正式寫作（如學術論文、醫學報告或新聞稿）中，應精確使用「disease」一詞，僅指醫學上定義的疾病，避免上述口語中的誇張或比喻用法，以維持專業性和準確性。
heart disease
noun + disease
心臟疾病
infectious disease
adjective + disease
傳染病
chronic disease
adjective + disease
慢性病
catch a disease
verb + a disease
染病
fight the disease
verb + the disease
對抗疾病
disease prevention
disease + noun
疾病預防
spread of disease
noun + of + disease
疾病傳播
treat a disease
verb + a disease
治療疾病
×He has a disease of heart.
✓He has a heart disease.
在英文中，表示特定器官的疾病時，通常將器官名稱置於 'disease' 之前作為修飾語，而非使用 'of' 結構。
×I have disease.
✓I have a disease.
'Disease' 作為可數名詞，指稱一種具體的疾病時，通常需要冠詞（a/the）或所有格（my/his）。泛指疾病概念時，可用不可數形式，但此處指個人罹患的具體疾病。
×He got a contagious disease from his friend.
✓He caught a contagious disease from his friend.
表達「感染疾病」時，動詞常用 'catch', 'contract', 或 'develop'。'Get' 雖然口語中可能使用，但 'catch' 或 'contract' 在正式或醫學語境中更為精確。
×The disease is spreaded by mosquitoes.
✓The disease is spread by mosquitoes.
'Spread' 的過去式和過去分詞都是不規則變化的 'spread'，而非 'spreaded'。
×We need to find a cure of this disease.
✓We need to find a cure for this disease.
表示「治療...的方法」或「...的解藥」時，'cure' 後面接的介系詞是 'for'，而不是 'of'。
×He died from a deadly disease.
✓He died of a deadly disease.
表達死因時，若直接原因是疾病、年老、飢餓等內部因素，常用 'die of'。若死於意外、暴力、創傷等外部原因，則用 'die from'。兩者有時可互換，但 'die of a disease' 是更常見的搭配。