1. in opposition to; disagreeing with
反對；與…對立
I am against the new policy.
我反對這項新政策。
She voted against the proposal.
她投票反對這項提案。
Public opinion is against the plan.
公眾輿論反對這項計畫。
Against Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
against
preposition
快速理解
What does "Against" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Against"?
against 主要表示反對、對抗、倚靠或對比等關係。
- 1
反對
EN: to be opposed to something
翻譯: 表示反對或不同意某事物。
- 2
對抗
EN: in opposition to an opponent or force
翻譯: 表示與對手、力量或不利條件對抗。
- 3
倚靠
EN: touching or supported by something
翻譯: 表示身體或物體倚靠或緊貼著某物。
- 4
對比
EN: in contrast with something
翻譯: 表示作為背景或形成對比。
小提醒：注意 against 是介系詞，後面必須接名詞、代名詞或動名詞 (V-ing)，不能單獨使用或接子句。
發音（How to Pronounce "Against" in English）
How to pronounce "Against" in English?"Against" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Against" from YouTube Videos
UK tells Israel not to retaliate as France set to recognise Palestinian state | BBC News
BBC News
“Yes, that's what the Palestinian in the West Bank are fearing the most now is that the Israeli reaction to this new recognition would be on the ground, and they already, you know, suffering from different problems in the West Bank, and one of them is the expansion of the Israeli settlements and the violation of the of the Jewish settlers against Palestinians everywhere and the the Palestinians were talking about it very long debate in the social media about this.”
(1 out of 175)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Against"?How does "Against" change by context?
2. touching or hitting a surface
倚靠；碰觸；撞擊
He leaned against the wall.
他倚靠在牆上。
The rain was beating against the window.
雨水拍打著窗戶。
Place the ladder against the tree.
把梯子靠在樹上。
3. in preparation for; in anticipation of
為…做準備；預防
We need to save money against future emergencies.
我們需要存錢以備未來不時之需。
Take an umbrella against the rain.
帶把傘以防下雨。
They insured the house against fire.
他們為房子投保了火險。
4. in contrast to; as a background for
與…形成對比；以…為背景
The red flowers look beautiful against the green leaves.
紅花在綠葉的襯托下顯得很美。
His achievements stand out against his humble beginnings.
他的成就與他卑微的出身形成鮮明對比。
5. in competition with
與…比賽；對抗
Our team will play against theirs next week.
我們隊下週將與他們的隊伍比賽。
He is running against the current champion.
他正在與現任冠軍角逐。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Against"?How to make natural sentences with "Against"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| against + noun/pronoun | 反對；違反；倚靠 | The protest was against the new law. (抗議是針對新法律的。) |
| be + against + noun/gerund | 反對（某事物/做某事） | She is strongly against smoking. (她強烈反對吸菸。) |
| fight/struggle/compete + against + noun/pronoun | 與…對抗/鬥爭/競爭 | The team will compete against the champions. (這支隊伍將與冠軍隊伍競爭。) |
| lean/stand/press + against + noun | 倚靠/站立/緊貼在…上 | He leaned the ladder against the wall. (他把梯子靠在牆上。) |
| against + the + noun (e.g., law, rules) | 違反（法律、規定等） | Driving without a license is against the law. (無照駕駛是違法的。) |
| against + one's + will/wishes/advice | 違背（某人的）意願/建議 | He did it against his better judgment. (他違背自己更好的判斷做了這件事。) |
| as + protection/safety + against + noun | 作為防範…的措施 | Vaccination provides protection against the disease. (疫苗接種能預防這種疾病。) |
| the odds + against + noun/gerund | 不利於…的可能性/形勢 | The odds are against us winning now. (現在我們獲勝的形勢不利。) |
用法說明
How is "Against" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Against"?
against doing vs against to do
- "against" 作為介系詞，後面必須接名詞或動名詞 (V-ing)，表示反對某個行動或想法。
- 常見的錯誤是將 "against" 與不定詞 "to do" 連用，例如 "against to go"，這在標準英文中是錯誤的。
- 在表達「反對做某事」時，正確的結構是 against + (someone's) + V-ing。
- 在較正式的語境中，也可以使用 "against the idea of + V-ing" 或 "opposed to + V-ing" 來表達類似的意思。 EN: The committee is against raising the membership fees this year. 翻譯: 委員會反對今年提高會費。
EN:He is strongly against his son dropping out of school.
翻譯:他強烈反對他的兒子輟學。
EN:Many residents are against building a new highway.
翻譯:許多居民反對興建新的高速公路。
總結建議
記住「against」是介系詞，其後應接名詞或動名詞 (doing)，切勿與不定詞 (to do) 連用。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Against" and similar words?How to choose "Against" vs alternatives?
against vs with
「against」表示對立或反對，而「with」表示協同或支持。
against vs opposite
「against」強調對立或接觸的動作，而「opposite」主要描述位置或概念的相對。
against vs anti
「against」是介系詞，用於句子中表達關係；「anti-」是字首，用於構成複合詞。
口語用法
How is "Against" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Against"?
引述
在口語中，有時會用 "against" 來引述或轉述他人的反對意見或立場。 EN: He was like, "I'm totally against that idea." 翻譯: 他當時就說：「我完全反對那個主意。」
EN:So she goes, "What's the argument against it?"
翻譯:然後她就說：「反對它的論點是什麼？」
語氣強調
在對話中，可以透過重讀 "against" 或搭配特定語氣來強調強烈的反對或對立感。 EN: I am AGAINST this, and I won't change my mind. 翻譯: 我「堅決」反對這件事，而且我不會改變主意。
EN:That's completely against the rules, you know?
翻譯:那完全違反規定，你知道嗎？
停頓填充
在思考或組織語句時，有時會將 "against" 與其他詞語連用，作為一種口語上的停頓或填充。 EN: Well, the case against... um, let me think... is not very strong. 翻譯: 嗯，反對的論據…呃，讓我想想…並不是很有力。
EN:It's kind of, you know, against my principles to do that.
翻譯:這麼做有點，你知道，違背我的原則。
正式寫作注意：在正式書面語（如學術論文、商業報告）中，應避免使用上述口語化的引述方式（如 "he was like"）或填充停頓（如 "um", "you know"）。建議使用更精確、結構完整的句子來表達反對或對立的關係，例如 "There is considerable opposition to this proposal" 或 "This action contravenes the established regulations"。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Against"?What fixed phrases with "Against" should I remember?
against all odds
against all odds
儘管希望渺茫；在極度不利的情況下
against the law
against the law
違法
against someone's will
against someone's will
違背某人的意願
against the clock
against the clock
與時間賽跑；爭分奪秒
against the grain
against the grain
違反常理；與眾不同
against someone's advice
against someone's advice
不聽從某人的建議
against the background of
against the background of something
在...的背景下
against the rules
against the rules
違反規定
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Against"?Which "Against" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×I am against to the idea.
✓I am against the idea.
「against」本身已是介系詞，後面直接接名詞或名詞片語，不需再加「to」。
×He leaned on the wall.
✓He leaned against the wall.
「lean on」通常指依賴某人或某物（抽象或具體支持），而「lean against」則是指身體倚靠著某個垂直表面（如牆、樹）。
×We played against with the other team.
✓We played against the other team.
「against」已包含「對抗、對立」的介系詞概念，後面直接接對手，不需再加「with」。
×The rain was hitting on the window.
✓The rain was beating against the window.
描述雨、風等自然力量強烈地「拍打、衝擊」某物時，常用「beat against」或「lash against」，而非「hit on」。
×This is a protection for virus.
✓This is a protection against viruses.
表達「防護、預防」某種有害事物時，應使用「protection against + (有害物)」。
×The picture looks nice with the blue background.
✓The picture looks nice against the blue background.
描述某物在另一物（常作為背景或對比）的「襯托下」顯現時，應使用「against」，強調對比或映襯關係。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Against"?What are tense/participle forms of "Against"?