1. to mention or talk about someone or something
提到，談及
He referred to the previous meeting in his email.
他在電子郵件中提到了之前的會議。
The article refers to several recent studies.
這篇文章提及了幾項近期的研究。
Refer Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
refer
verb
快速理解
What does "Refer" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Refer"?
「refer」主要有提及、查閱、轉介等核心含義。
- 1
提及、談到
EN: to mention or speak about someone or something
翻譯: 提及或談論某人或某事
- 2
查閱、參考
EN: to look at a book, map, etc. for information
翻譯: 查閱書籍、地圖等以獲取資訊
- 3
轉介、提交
EN: to send someone or something to another person or place for help or a decision
翻譯: 將某人或某事送交另一人或地方以尋求幫助或決定
- 4
關聯、指稱
EN: to be connected or related to something
翻譯: 與某事相關聯或指稱某事
小提醒：注意「refer to」是固定搭配，後面接名詞或動名詞（V-ing），例如「refer to a dictionary」（查字典），而非「refer a dictionary」。
發音（How to Pronounce "Refer" in English）
How to pronounce "Refer" in English?"Refer" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Refer" from YouTube Videos
Michael Seibel - How to Plan an MVP
Y Combinator
“Um, it's helpful when you talk to people, interact with people, that they can refer back to something.”
(1 out of 22)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Refer"?How does "Refer" change by context?
2. to direct someone or something to a different place or person for information, help, or action
轉介；讓…去查詢
My doctor referred me to a specialist.
我的醫生將我轉介給一位專科醫生。
For more details, please refer to the user manual.
更多細節，請參閱使用者手冊。
The teacher referred the student to the library for additional resources.
老師讓學生去圖書館查詢額外的資料。
3. to describe or be connected to a particular thing or person
指稱；指的是
The term "AI" usually refers to artificial intelligence.
「AI」這個術語通常指的是人工智慧。
What does this symbol on the map refer to?
地圖上的這個符號指稱什麼？
4. to look at something for information
參考；查閱
I often refer to my notes during the presentation.
我在簡報時經常參考我的筆記。
You can refer to a dictionary if you don't know the word.
如果你不認識這個字，可以查閱字典。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Refer"?How to make natural sentences with "Refer"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| refer to + noun/pronoun | 提及，談到 | He was referring to the recent policy changes. (他指的是最近的政策變化。) |
| refer to + noun + as + noun | 將…稱作… | She refers to her students as her "kids". (她將她的學生稱作她的「孩子」。) |
| refer + noun/pronoun + to + noun/pronoun | 將…轉介給…；將…提交給… | The doctor referred me to a specialist. (醫生將我轉介給一位專科醫生。) |
| refer to + noun + for + noun | 為…而參考… | Please refer to the manual for installation instructions. (請參考手冊以獲取安裝說明。) |
| be referred to as + noun | 被稱為… | This phenomenon is often referred to as the "butterfly effect". (這種現象常被稱為「蝴蝶效應」。) |
| refer back to + noun | 回頭參考，再次提及 | Let's refer back to the original agreement. (讓我們回頭參考最初的協議。) |
用法說明
How is "Refer" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Refer"?
refer to + V-ing vs refer to + N
- refer to + V-ing 通常用於指稱或提及一個「行為、過程或活動本身」。
- refer to + N 則是用於指稱一個「具體的事物、人或概念」。
- 當 refer to 後面接的是動名詞 (V-ing) 時，它常被視為一個不可數的「活動」名詞。
- 使用 refer to + N 是最常見且最安全的結構，適用於絕大多數情況。 EN: The term "proofreading" refers to checking a text for errors. 翻譯: "proofreading" 這個術語指的是檢查文本錯誤的這個行為。
EN:Please refer to the manual for further instructions.
翻譯:請參閱手冊以獲取進一步的指示。
總結建議
在正式寫作中，使用 refer to + N 結構最為通用且不易出錯，除非你明確想強調某個行為過程。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Refer" and similar words?How to choose "Refer" vs alternatives?
refer vs mention
「refer」通常指有目的地提及或引導至某處（如資料、專家），而「mention」僅是簡單地提到或說出某事，不一定有後續指引。
refer vs describe
「refer」是提及或指向某事物，而「describe」則是詳細描述其特徵、外觀或過程。
refer vs consult
「refer」是將某人或某事引導至另一處（如專家、書籍），而「consult」是主動去尋求建議、資訊或意見。
口語用法
How is "Refer" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Refer"?
引述
在對話中，用來引述或提及他人說過的話或想法。 EN: So I was talking to Sarah, and she referred to you as her "problem-solving guru." 翻譯: 所以我當時在和莎拉聊天，她提到你時稱你為她的「問題解決大師」。
EN:When you referred to the project as a "sinking ship," everyone got really worried.
翻譯:當你把那個專案說成是「一艘正在沉沒的船」時，大家都變得很擔心。
語氣強調
用於強調所指涉的對象或概念，常伴隨手勢或重音。 EN: I'm not referring to everyone, just the people who missed the deadline. 翻譯: 我不是在指所有人，只是指那些錯過截止日期的人。
EN:This rule refers specifically to outdoor events, so our indoor party should be fine.
翻譯:這條規則特別是指戶外活動，所以我們的室內派對應該沒問題。
停頓填充
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，用作短暫的停頓填充詞。 EN: The issue I'm referring to... well, it's more about communication than policy. 翻譯: 我指的那個問題…嗯，它更多是關於溝通，而不是政策。
EN:We need to address the point he referred to—uh—the budget discrepancy in Q3.
翻譯:我們需要處理他提到的那一點—呃—就是第三季的預算差異。
正式書寫注意：在正式報告或學術寫作中，應避免將 "refer" 用作停頓填充詞。建議使用更精確、直接的表述，例如 "pertain to"、"mention" 或 "cite"，並確保所指涉的對象在上下文中清晰明確。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Refer"?What fixed phrases with "Refer" should I remember?
refer to someone/something
refer to [sb/sth]
提及、談論或指向某人/某事物
refer someone to someone/something
refer [sb] to [sb/sth]
將某人轉介給（專家、機構等）
refer to someone/something as
refer to [sb/sth] as [name/title]
將某人/某事物稱為…
refer back to
refer back to [sth]
回頭參考、再次提及
refer a matter to
refer a matter/case/question to [sb/sth]
將事項/案件/問題提交給（上級、委員會等）處理
self-refer
self-refer (to [sth])
自我轉介（不經他人推薦直接尋求服務）
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Refer"?Which "Refer" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×I will refer you the document.
✓I will refer you to the document.
「refer」在表示「指引某人去某處或諮詢某人」時，必須使用「refer + 人 + to + 事物/人」的結構，介系詞「to」不可省略。
×He referred about the new policy in the meeting.
✓He referred to the new policy in the meeting.
「refer」作為「提及、談到」的意思時是不及物動詞，必須與介系詞「to」連用，形成「refer to + 事物」的結構，不可使用其他介系詞如「about」。
×This term refers a person who writes novels.
✓This term refers to a person who writes novels.
「refer」在表示「指的是、意謂」時，同樣是不及物動詞，必須與「to」連用。直接接名詞是錯誤的。
×I was referring the email you sent yesterday.
✓I was referring to the email you sent yesterday.
在進行式或過去式等時態中，「refer」與介系詞「to」的搭配關係依然不變，不可遺漏「to」。
×You can refer back to the previous chapter.
✓You can refer to the previous chapter.
「refer」本身已含有「回顧、回溯」的意味，加上「back」是多餘的，屬於冗詞。應直接使用「refer to」。
×He referred the patient a specialist.
✓He referred the patient to a specialist.
「refer」在表示「轉介（病人、客戶等）」時，是及物動詞，但後面仍需接「to + 轉介對象」來指明目的地，結構為「refer + 人 + to + 人/機構」。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Refer"?What are tense/participle forms of "Refer"?
refers(3rd_singular)referring(present_participle)referred(past)referred(past_participle)