It Meaning(定義、用法、例句與發音)

it

pronoun

快速理解

What does "It" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "It"?

「it」是英文中最常見的代名詞之一,主要用於指代事物、動物、嬰兒或特定情境。

  1. 1

    指代事物或動物

    EN: I bought a book. It is very interesting.

    翻譯: 我買了一本書。它很有趣。

  2. 2

    指代嬰兒或未知性別的對象

    EN: The baby is crying. It must be hungry.

    翻譯: 寶寶在哭。它一定是餓了。

  3. 3

    指代時間、天氣或距離

    EN: It is raining outside.

    翻譯: 外面正在下雨。

  4. 4

    作為形式主語或賓語

    EN: It is important to study hard.

    翻譯: 努力學習很重要。

小提醒:中文通常會省略「它」,尤其在指代天氣、時間或作為形式主語時。例如,英文說 "It is cold",中文直接說「很冷」,而非「它是冷的」。

發音(How to Pronounce "It" in English

How to pronounce "It" in English?"It" US vs UK pronunciation

點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。

Real-life Examples of "It" from YouTube Videos

South Korea would accept Trump-Kim deal to freeze North Korea’s nuclear programme | BBC News

BBC News

It's the first time Mr Kim has said that he's prepared to talk since negotiations between the two leaders broke down in 2019..

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Definitions(定義)

What are the definitions of "It"?How does "It" change by context?

1. used to refer to a thing, animal, or situation previously mentioned or easily identified

指代先前提到或容易識別的事物、動物或情況

I bought a new book and it is very interesting.

我買了一本新書,它非常有趣。

Look at that cat! It is sleeping on the sofa.

看那隻貓!它正在沙發上睡覺。

The weather is nice today, isn't it?

今天天氣很好,不是嗎?

2. used as the subject of an impersonal verb to talk about time, weather, or distance

用作非人稱動詞的主語,談論時間、天氣或距離

It is raining outside.

外面正在下雨。

It is 10 o'clock.

現在是十點鐘。

It is five miles to the nearest town.

到最近的城鎮有五英里遠。

3. used as a formal or empty subject to introduce or emphasize a following clause or phrase

用作形式或虛主語,引導或強調後面的子句或片語

It is important to drink enough water.

喝足夠的水很重要。

It seems that she is not coming.

看來她不會來了。

It was John who broke the window.

打破窗戶的是約翰。

4. used to refer to a person whose gender is unknown, unspecified, or not relevant

用於指代性別未知、未指定或不重要的人

Someone is at the door. Who is it?

有人在門口。是誰?

The baby cried when it was hungry.

嬰兒餓的時候會哭。

Grammar & Patterns(句型)

What are common sentence patterns for "It"?How to make natural sentences with "It"?
PatternMeaningExample
it + be + adjective它(是)...It is cold today. (今天很冷。)
it + be + noun phrase它(是)...It was a long journey. (那是一段漫長的旅程。)
it + be + pronoun/noun + relative clause那個...的人/物It was John who called. (打電話來的是約翰。)
it + linking verb + adjective + to-infinitive(做某事)是...的It seems difficult to understand. (這似乎很難理解。)
it + takes + (person) + time + to-infinitive(某人)花費...時間(做某事)It takes me an hour to get to work. (我上班要花一小時。)
it + be + adjective + that-clause...是...的It is important that you arrive on time. (你準時到達是很重要的。)
it + be + adjective + for someone + to-infinitive對(某人)來說,(做某事)是...的It is easy for her to learn languages. (對她來說,學習語言很容易。)
it + verb + that-clause...(某事)It appears that the meeting is cancelled. (看來會議取消了。)
it + be + used + as a dummy subject作為虛主詞(指天氣、時間、距離等)It is raining. (正在下雨。) / It is 5 o'clock. (現在是五點鐘。)
it + be + said/believed/thought + that-clause據說/據信/被認為...It is believed that he is innocent. (據信他是無辜的。)

用法說明

How is "It" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "It"?

虛主詞 it vs. 代名詞 it

  • 虛主詞 it (Dummy 'it'):當主詞是後面的不定詞片語或子句時,用 it 作為形式上的主詞,放在句首。常用於表達天氣、時間、距離或評價(如 It is + adj + to...)。
  • 代名詞 it (Pronoun 'it'):用來指代前面提過的單數、無生命的事物、動物、嬰兒,或一個已知的情況、想法。
  • 區分關鍵:看 it 在句中是否有明確的指代對象。如果 it 可以換成「這件事」、「那個東西」,通常是代名詞;如果只是為了滿足英文句子結構需要,無法替換,則是虛主詞。 EN: It is important to arrive on time for the meeting. 翻譯: 準時參加會議很重要。

EN:I read the report and found it very insightful.

翻譯:我讀了那份報告,覺得它非常有見地。

EN:It seems that the project will be delayed.

翻譯:看來這個專案將會延遲。

EN:We discussed the budget, but it was not finalized.

翻譯:我們討論了預算,但(它)還沒有最終定案。

總結建議

判斷 it 是虛主詞還是代名詞,最簡單的方法是看它能否在上下文找到具體的指代對象。

易混淆對比

What is the difference between "It" and similar words?How to choose "It" vs alternatives?

it vs this

"it" 通常指代前文已提及或對話雙方已知的特定事物,較為中性;"this" 則強調「這個」,常指代距離說話者較近或當下正在討論的事物,帶有更強的指示性。

it vs that

"it" 用於一般性指代;"that" 則強調「那個」,常指代距離較遠、時間較久或剛被提及的事物,有時帶有對比或強調的語氣。

it vs there

"it" 作為代名詞,指代特定的人、事、物;"there" 則常用作虛主詞,表示「存在」的狀態,或用來指示地點。

口語用法

How is "It" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "It"?

引述

在口語中,常用 "it" 來引述或指代前面對話中已提及的事物或情況,使對話更流暢。 EN: A: The weather is terrible today. B: Yeah, I know, it's been raining all morning. 翻譯: A: 今天天氣真糟。 B: 對啊,我知道,整個早上都在下雨。

EN:A: Did you hear about the new policy? B: I did, and I don't like it at all.

翻譯:A: 你聽說新政策了嗎? B: 聽說了,我一點也不喜歡。

語氣強調

在口語中,有時會用 "it" 來強調某個情況或事實,尤其是在感嘆或表達強烈情緒時。 EN: Wow, it's so cold in here! Can we turn up the heat? 翻譯: 哇,這裡好冷!我們能把暖氣調高嗎?

EN:It's amazing how fast time flies when you're having fun.

翻譯:玩得開心的時候,時間過得真快,太神奇了。

停頓填充

在思考或組織語句時,說話者可能會用 "it" 作為一個短暫的停頓填充詞,尤其是在句子開頭。 EN: It... um, it seems like we might have a problem with the schedule. 翻譯: 這個... 嗯,我們的行程好像有點問題。

EN:Well, it's just that... I'm not sure if this is the right decision.

翻譯:嗯,只是... 我不確定這是不是正確的決定。

正式書寫注意:在正式或學術寫作中,應避免將 "it" 用作無實質指代的停頓填充詞,並確保其指代對象明確,以保持文章的清晰與嚴謹。

常見短語

What common collocations use "It"?What fixed phrases with "It" should I remember?

as it is

phrase

照現狀;事實上

that's it

phrase

就這樣;沒錯;結束了

make it

verb phrase

成功做到;及時趕到

it seems

introductory phrase

似乎;看來

it depends

phrase

視情況而定

it's up to you

phrase

由你決定

it turns out

introductory phrase

結果是;原來

常見錯誤

What are common mistakes with "It"?Which "It" sentences look correct but are wrong?

×Is raining.

It is raining.

在表示天氣、時間、距離等非人稱主語時,必須使用 "it" 作為形式主語,不可省略。

×She is a nice day.

It is a nice day.

指代非生物、抽象概念、天氣或嬰兒性別不明時,應使用中性代詞 "it",而非 "he" 或 "she"。

×Is important to study hard.

It is important to study hard.

當句子的真正主語是動詞不定式或 that 子句時,必須使用 "it" 作為形式主語放在句首,不能省略。

×They are my book. I like it.

This is my book. I like it.

代詞 "it" 是單數,必須與其指代的單數名詞保持一致。如果指代複數名詞,應使用 "they"。

×Was yesterday that I met him.

It was yesterday that I met him.

在強調句型 "It is/was ... that ..." 中,開頭的 "It" 是結構的一部分,不能省略。

×The weather it is good.

The weather is good.

當主語 "the weather" 已經明確指出時,不應再使用 "it" 重複指代同一個主語,這會造成代詞多餘。

詞形變化

What are the word forms of "It"?What are tense/participle forms of "It"?