用於表達對比、轉折或強調程度的副詞。
對比與轉折
EN: used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something that has been said previously
翻譯: 用於引導與前述內容形成對比或看似矛盾的陳述。
讓步
EN: used to admit a fact before saying something that contrasts with it
翻譯: 用於先承認一個事實，再提出與之對比的內容。
強調程度
EN: used to emphasize that it does not matter how big, small, good, bad, etc. something is, or how much there is of it
翻譯: 用於強調無論某事物的大小、好壞、程度或數量如何，結果都一樣。
小提醒：注意「however」在句中的位置會影響語氣和強調重點。句首時轉折語氣較強；句中（主詞後）時較為緩和。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "However" from YouTube Videos
Boghuma Kabisen Titanji: Ethical riddles in HIV research
TED
“However, the inequalities that exist between richer countries and developing countries in terms of funding pose a real risk for exploitation, especially in the context of externally-funded research.”
1. used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or seems to contradict something that has been said previously
然而，可是（用於引出與前述內容對比或似乎矛盾的陳述）
The weather forecast predicted sunshine; however, it rained all day.
天氣預報預測是晴天；然而，卻下了一整天的雨。
He promised to be on time. However, he arrived an hour late.
他保證會準時。然而，他遲到了一小時。
2. in whatever way; regardless of how
無論如何，不管怎樣
You can arrange the furniture however you like.
你可以隨你喜歡的方式來擺放傢俱。
However you look at it, the situation is difficult.
不管從哪個角度看，情況都很困難。
3. used to emphasize the degree or extent of something, often with surprise or shock
（用於強調程度，常帶驚訝或震驚）無論多麼，竟然
However did you manage to finish so quickly?
你究竟是怎麼做到這麼快完成的？
However hard he tried, he couldn't solve the puzzle.
無論他多麼努力嘗試，就是解不開那個謎題。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| however + adjective/adverb | 然而/可是 + 形容詞/副詞 | The plan, however brilliant, was too risky. (然而，這個計畫無論多麼出色，都太過冒險。) |
| however + clause | 然而/可是 + 子句 | I wanted to go; however, I was too tired. (我想去；然而，我太累了。) |
| however + much/many/little/few + noun | 無論多麼/多少 + 名詞 | However much money you have, it's not enough. (無論你有多少錢，都是不夠的。) |
| however + subject + verb | 不管...如何/無論...怎樣 | However you look at it, we have a problem. (不管你怎麼看，我們都有個問題。) |
but 那樣使用）。它必須與句號或分號搭配。對比例句： EN: The plan seemed perfect. However, we overlooked a key detail. 翻譯: 這個計畫看似完美。然而，我們忽略了一個關鍵細節。
EN:The plan seemed perfect; however, we overlooked a key detail.
翻譯:這個計畫看似完美；然而，我們忽略了一個關鍵細節。
EN:The initial results, however, were not as promising as we had hoped.
翻譯:然而，初步的結果並不如我們預期的那麼樂觀。
EN:We had high hopes. The initial results were not promising, however.
翻譯:我們原本抱持高度期望。然而，初步結果並不樂觀。
在正式寫作中，將 however 置於句首（後接逗號）或插入句中（前後加逗號）是最清晰且推薦的用法。
however vs but
兩者皆表示轉折，但 'however' 語氣更正式，且常置於句中或句首，用逗號隔開；'but' 較口語，通常連接兩個子句，前面不加逗號。
however vs nevertheless
兩者皆為正式轉折詞，但 'nevertheless' 語氣更強，強調「儘管如此，仍然…」的讓步關係；'however' 則較中性，僅表示對比或轉折。
however vs although
'however' 是副詞，用於連接兩個獨立句子或觀點；'although' 是連接詞，引導從屬子句，表示讓步關係。
在對話中，however 常用來引述或回應對方剛說過的話，表示「不過」、「可是」。
EN: A: I think the plan is perfect. B: However, we haven't considered the budget yet.
翻譯: A: 我覺得這個計畫很完美。 B: 不過，我們還沒考慮到預算呢。
EN:A: She's very talented. B: However, she lacks experience.
翻譯:A: 她很有天賦。 B: 可是，她缺乏經驗。
口語中，however 可用來強調對比或轉折，語氣比 but 更正式、更有力，常伴隨停頓。
EN: The food was excellent. The service, however, was terrible.
翻譯: 食物非常棒。然而，服務卻糟透了。
EN:I understand your point. I must, however, disagree with your conclusion.
翻譯:我明白你的觀點。然而，我必須不同意你的結論。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，however 有時會被用作停頓填充詞，類似「嗯…不過…」。
EN: I was going to agree with you... however... on second thought, I see a problem.
翻譯: 我本來要同意你的…不過…再想一想，我發現有個問題。
EN:The results look promising. However... let me check the data one more time.
翻譯:結果看起來很有希望。不過…讓我再檢查一次數據。
請注意：在正式寫作（如學術論文、商業報告）中，應避免將 however 用作隨意的停頓填充詞，並確保其引導的對比邏輯清晰明確。
however
Sentence. However, sentence.
用於引導與前文形成對比或轉折的句子。
however
Sentence part, however, sentence part.
在句中插入，表示轉折或對比。
however + adjective/adverb
However + adjective/adverb + subject + verb...
用於強調程度，意為「無論多麼...」。
however much/many
However much/many + noun...
表示「無論多少...」。
not... however
It is not the case, however, that...
用於否定一個可能被推斷出的想法，然後提出轉折。
however you look at it
However you look at it, ...
表示「無論從哪個角度來看」、「不管怎麼說」。
×He is tired, however he continues to work.
✓He is tired; however, he continues to work.
在英文中，'however' 作為副詞連接兩個獨立子句時，前面通常需要分號或句號，後面則需要逗號。不能只用逗號連接兩個完整句子，這會造成逗號拼接錯誤。
×However hard he tried, but he failed.
✓However hard he tried, he failed.
'However' 在此作為讓步副詞，意為『無論多麼...』，已經包含了轉折的意味，因此不應再與 'but' 連用，否則會造成轉折語意重複。
×I like the design. The price, however, is too high it.
✓I like the design. The price, however, is too high.
當 'however' 作為插入語放在句中時，其前後都應有逗號，且不應影響句子原本的結構。原錯誤句在 'too high' 後多加了受詞 'it'，造成句子結構錯誤。
×I want to go. However, I have no time.
✓I want to go; however, I have no time.
雖然在口語或非正式寫作中，用句號開始新句子並使用 'However' 是可接受的，但在正式或學術寫作中，更傾向於使用分號來連接兩個對比或轉折的獨立子句，以顯示其緊密的邏輯關係。使用句號會使語氣停頓更長，轉折感更強。
×It's a cheap product. Its quality, however is good.
✓It's a cheap product. Its quality, however, is good.
當 'however' 作為插入語置於主詞和動詞之間時，其前後都必須有逗號將其與句子其他部分隔開。遺漏後面的逗號是常見的標點錯誤。