1. the state of being away or not present
缺席；不在場
His absence from the meeting was noted.
他缺席會議一事被注意到了。
In the absence of the manager, her assistant will take over.
經理不在時，她的助理將會接手。
Absence Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
absence
noun
快速理解
What does "Absence" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Absence"?
指某人或某物不在場、不存在或缺乏的狀態。
- 1
不在場
EN: The state of being away from a place.
翻譯: 指人不在某個地方或場合的狀態。
- 2
不存在
EN: The fact of something not existing or being present.
翻譯: 指某事物完全不存在或現場沒有的狀態。
- 3
缺乏
EN: A lack or deficiency of something.
翻譯: 指某種特質或必要事物的欠缺。
- 4
缺席期間
EN: The period of time when someone is away.
翻譯: 指某人離開或不在場的那段時間。
小提醒：注意 'absence' 是不可數名詞，通常不加 'a' 或複數 's'，但表示『一段缺席時間』時，可說 'an absence'。
發音（How to Pronounce "Absence" in English）
How to pronounce "Absence" in English?"Absence" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Absence" from YouTube Videos
Boghuma Kabisen Titanji: Ethical riddles in HIV research
TED
“A clinical trial that is considered to be potentially beneficial to the population is more likely to be authorized, and, in the absence of good health care systems, almost any offer of medical assistance is accepted as better than nothing.”
(1 out of 24)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Absence"?How does "Absence" change by context?
2. a lack or nonexistence of something
缺乏；不存在
The absence of evidence made the case difficult to prove.
證據的缺乏使得這個案子難以證明。
There was a complete absence of noise in the library.
圖書館裡完全沒有任何噪音。
3. a period of time when someone is away
離開的期間；不在的期間
She will be in charge during my absence next week.
下週我不在的期間，她將負責一切。
The employee had several long absences due to illness.
這名員工因病有好幾次長時間的缺席。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Absence"?How to make natural sentences with "Absence"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| absence of + [uncountable noun] | ...的缺乏/不存在 | The project failed due to an **absence of** funding. (這個專案因缺乏資金而失敗。) |
| in the absence of + [noun phrase] | 在沒有...的情況下 | **In the absence of** clear instructions, we proceeded with our best judgment. (在沒有明確指示的情況下，我們憑最佳判斷進行。) |
| [someone's] absence from + [place/event] | (某人)缺席/不在(某地或某活動) | His **absence from** the meeting was noted. (他缺席會議一事被記錄下來。) |
| leave of absence | 休假；准假 | She requested a six-month **leave of absence** to travel. (她請了六個月的假去旅行。) |
| conspicuous by (one's) absence | 因缺席而引人注目 | The CEO was **conspicuous by his absence** at the annual gala. (執行長在年度盛會上缺席，格外引人注目。) |
用法說明
How is "Absence" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Absence"?
absence of vs. absence from
- absence of + [名詞] 表示「缺乏某物」，強調某個事物不存在。
- absence from + [名詞] 表示「從某處缺席」，強調人不在某個地點或場合。
- 在正式或法律文件中，
in the absence of是一個常見片語，意為「在缺乏...的情況下」。 - 注意
absence本身是不可數名詞，但當指「缺席的次數或期間」時，可作為可數名詞使用。 EN: The project failed due to a complete absence of leadership. 翻譯: 這個專案因完全缺乏領導而失敗。
EN:His frequent absence from meetings has been noted by his manager.
翻譯:他頻繁缺席會議已被他的經理注意到。
總結建議
使用時需根據後接的介系詞（of 或 from）來判斷是指「缺乏某物」還是「從某處缺席」。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Absence" and similar words?How to choose "Absence" vs alternatives?
absence vs lack
「absence」強調人或物的「不在場」狀態；「lack」則強調所需事物的「不足」或「沒有」。
absence vs omission
「absence」是中性描述「不在」的狀態；「omission」則常帶有「故意遺漏或疏忽」的含義。
absence vs vacancy
「absence」指暫時或永久的不在場；「vacancy」則特指職位、房間或空間的「空缺」狀態。
口語用法
How is "Absence" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Absence"?
引述
在對話中，人們有時會直接引用或提及「absence」這個詞，來討論某人不在場的情況。 EN: "During your absence, we had to make a decision without you." 翻譯: 「在你缺席期間，我們不得不在沒有你的情況下做出決定。」
EN:"He mentioned her absence at the party several times."
翻譯:「他好幾次提到她沒來參加派對這件事。」
語氣強調
為了強調缺席的狀態或後果，說話者可能會加重語氣或使用特定的語調來說出「absence」。 EN: "The team felt his absence deeply during the crucial match." 翻譯: 「在關鍵比賽中，團隊深深感受到了他的缺席。」
EN:"It's not just a day off; it's a noticeable absence."
翻譯:「這不只是請一天假，這是一次顯而易見的缺席。」
停頓填充
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，說話者可能會用「absence...」作為短暫的停頓填充，引出後續說明。 EN: "The main issue here is, absence... of clear guidelines." 翻譯: 「這裡的主要問題是，缺乏…明確的指導方針。」
EN:"Well, in the absence... of any better ideas, let's go with this plan."
翻譯:「嗯，在沒有…更好的點子的情況下，我們就採用這個計劃吧。」
正式寫作注意：以上口語用法，特別是「停頓填充」的結構，在正式書面報告、學術論文或商業文件中應避免使用。正式文體應使用完整、結構清晰的句子，例如 "In the absence of clear data, we cannot proceed."（在缺乏明確數據的情況下，我們無法繼續進行）。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Absence"?What fixed phrases with "Absence" should I remember?
absence of
the absence of [sth]
缺乏某物；沒有某物
in the absence of
in the absence of [sb/sth]
在某人/某物缺席（或不存在）的情況下
leave of absence
take/request a leave of absence
休假；准假
conspicuous absence
a conspicuous absence
顯著的缺席；明顯的缺乏
absence makes the heart grow fonder
proverb
小別勝新婚；離別增情意
marked absence
a marked absence of [sth]
明顯的缺乏
during someone's absence
during [sb]'s absence
在某人不在期間
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Absence"?Which "Absence" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×In the absence of the manager, the team couldn't make a decision.
✓In the absence of the manager, the team couldn't make a decision.
原句文法正確，但學習者常誤以為此句錯誤，而想將 'absence' 改為 'absent'。'Absence' 是名詞，用於 'in the absence of' 片語中表示『在...缺席的情況下』。'Absent' 是形容詞，不能直接用於此片語。
×His absent from school was noted.
✓His absence from school was noted.
這裡需要名詞 'absence' 來作為句子的主詞或受詞，而不是形容詞 'absent'。'Absent' 是形容詞，描述狀態，例如：He was absent from school。
×We felt a big absence when she left.
✓We felt a profound absence when she left.
雖然 'big' 可以修飾具體名詞，但修飾抽象名詞 'absence'（表示一種感覺或狀態）時，使用 'profound', 'conspicuous', 'noticeable', 'felt' 等詞更為自然和地道。
×Absence makes heart grow fonder.
✓Absence makes the heart grow fonder.
這是一句常見諺語，定冠詞 'the' 是固定用法，不能省略。它特指『（某人的）心』。
×The absence of the data are concerning.
✓The absence of the data is concerning.
主詞是單數名詞 'absence'，因此動詞必須使用單數形式 'is'，而不是複數的 'are'。介系詞片語 'of the data' 並不影響主詞的單複數。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Absence"?What are tense/participle forms of "Absence"?