疫苗是一種用於預防特定疾病的生物製劑，透過刺激人體免疫系統產生保護力。
醫學定義
EN: A substance used to stimulate the body's immune response against a specific disease.
翻譯: 一種用於刺激身體對特定疾病產生免疫反應的物質。
核心功能
EN: Provides immunity by preparing the body to recognize and fight pathogens.
翻譯: 透過讓身體預先識別並對抗病原體來提供免疫力。
常見類型
EN: Includes live-attenuated, inactivated, mRNA, and subunit vaccines.
翻譯: 包括減毒活疫苗、滅活疫苗、mRNA疫苗和次單位疫苗等類型。
公共衛生用途
EN: Used in vaccination programs to control and eradicate infectious diseases.
翻譯: 用於疫苗接種計劃，以控制和根除傳染病。
小提醒：注意：'vaccine' 指的是預防疾病的『疫苗』本身，而接種疫苗的行為是 'vaccination' 或 'to get vaccinated'。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Vaccine" from YouTube Videos
Boghuma Kabisen Titanji: Ethical riddles in HIV research
TED
“Yes, there is a need for us to find a cure for HIV, to find an effective vaccine for malaria, to find a diagnostic tool that works for TB, but I believe that we owe it to those who willingly and selflessly consent to participate in these clinical trials to do this in a humane way.”
1. a substance that is put into the body to protect against a specific disease, especially by causing the body to produce antibodies
一種注入體內以預防特定疾病的物質，通常透過刺激身體產生抗體來達成
The measles vaccine is usually given to children.
麻疹疫苗通常會為兒童接種。
Scientists developed a new vaccine for the virus.
科學家為該病毒研發了一種新疫苗。
2. a preparation containing weakened or killed pathogens, used to stimulate the immune system
一種含有減弱或已死亡病原體的製劑，用於刺激免疫系統
The flu vaccine is updated every year to match circulating strains.
流感疫苗每年都會更新以匹配流行的病毒株。
Some vaccines require multiple doses to be fully effective.
有些疫苗需要接種多劑才能完全生效。
3. something that acts to prevent or counteract a harmful or undesirable situation
用於預防或對抗有害或不理想情況的事物
Education is often seen as a vaccine against poverty.
教育常被視為對抗貧窮的疫苗。
Transparency can be a vaccine for corruption in government.
透明度可以是對抗政府腐敗的疫苗。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| get/receive a vaccine | 接種疫苗 | All children should receive the measles vaccine. (所有兒童都應該接種麻疹疫苗。) |
| develop a vaccine (for/against something) | 研發（針對某疾病的）疫苗 | Scientists are working to develop a vaccine for the new virus. (科學家們正致力於研發針對這種新病毒的疫苗。) |
| administer a vaccine | 施打疫苗 | The nurse will administer the vaccine in your upper arm. (護士會在你的上臂施打疫苗。) |
| a vaccine against something | 針對某疾病的疫苗 | This is a highly effective vaccine against influenza. (這是一種針對流感的高效疫苗。) |
| be vaccinated with something | 接種了某種疫苗 | The population was vaccinated with the new mRNA vaccine. (民眾接種了新的mRNA疫苗。) |
| a dose of vaccine | 一劑疫苗 | You need two doses of this vaccine for full protection. (你需要接種兩劑這種疫苗才能獲得完整保護。) |
對比例句： EN: Researchers are developing a new vaccine against malaria. 翻譯: 研究人員正在研發一種對抗瘧疾的新疫苗。
EN:This is a vaccine for the seasonal flu.
翻譯:這是一種用於季節性流感的疫苗。
在正式寫作或醫學討論中，建議優先使用 vaccine against 來表達「對抗某疾病的疫苗」。
vaccine vs vaccination
「vaccine」指的是疫苗這種物質本身，而「vaccination」指的是接種疫苗的行為或過程。
vaccine vs immunization
「vaccine」是產生免疫力的工具，而「immunization」是透過接種疫苗獲得免疫力的狀態或結果。
vaccine vs serum
「vaccine」用於預防疾病，而「serum」通常指用於治療或診斷的血清，含有抗體。
在對話中，人們常會引述新聞、專家或他人的話來討論疫苗。 EN: I heard on the news they're developing a new vaccine for that virus. 翻譯: 我在新聞上聽到他們正在為那種病毒研發新疫苗。
EN:My doctor said the flu vaccine is especially important this year.
翻譯:我的醫生說今年的流感疫苗特別重要。
談論疫苗時，常會使用強調語氣來表達個人感受或重要性。 EN: I really hope they approve the vaccine for kids soon. 翻譯: 我真的希望他們能快點批准給兒童使用的疫苗。
EN:Getting the vaccine was such a relief for our whole family.
翻譯:打了疫苗對我們全家來說真是鬆了一口氣。
在組織想法或尋找合適字眼時，會使用一些填充詞。 EN: So, like, the vaccine side effects were pretty mild for me. 翻譯: 所以，那個，疫苗的副作用對我來說蠻輕微的。
EN:I mean, the vaccine is basically our ticket back to normal life, right?
翻譯:我是說，疫苗基本上就是我們回歸正常生活的門票，對吧？
正式寫作注意：在正式報告或學術寫作中，應避免使用上述口語中的引述方式（如「我聽說」）、強調用語（如「真的」、「蠻」）以及停頓填充詞（如「所以，那個」、「我是說」），以保持語言的客觀與精準。
develop a vaccine
verb + a + vaccine
研發疫苗
administer a vaccine
verb + a + vaccine
施打疫苗
vaccine efficacy
vaccine + noun
疫苗效力/有效性
get vaccinated
verb + vaccinated
接種疫苗
vaccine rollout
vaccine + noun
疫苗推廣/接種計畫
vaccine side effects
vaccine + noun phrase
疫苗副作用
vaccine hesitancy
vaccine + noun
疫苗猶豫
booster vaccine
adjective + vaccine
加強劑疫苗
×I need to take a vaccine for the flu.
✓I need to get a vaccine for the flu.
在英文中，接種疫苗通常使用動詞 "get" 或 "receive"，而不是 "take"。"Take" 通常用於服藥。
×The vaccine of COVID-19 is effective.
✓The COVID-19 vaccine is effective.
表示「針對某種疾病的疫苗」時，通常將疾病名稱作為名詞修飾語直接放在 "vaccine" 前面（例如：flu vaccine），或使用 "vaccine for/against"。使用 "of" 是錯誤的。
×I have a vaccine.
✓I am vaccinated. / I have been vaccinated.
"I have a vaccine" 意指你擁有一劑疫苗（實體物品）。要表達「我已經接種疫苗」的狀態，應使用被動語態 "I am vaccinated" 或 "I have been vaccinated"。
×The doctor will vaccine me tomorrow.
✓The doctor will vaccinate me tomorrow.
"Vaccine" 是名詞（疫苗），動詞形式是 "vaccinate"（接種疫苗）。不能將名詞直接當動詞使用。
×This vaccine has a strong side affect.
✓This vaccine has strong side effects.
「副作用」的正確英文是 "side effect"，且通常為可數名詞，常用複數形式 "side effects"。"Affect" 通常是動詞，名詞形式 "effect" 才是正確的。
×We need to vaccine the population to achieve herd immunity.
✓We need to vaccinate the population to achieve herd immunity.
同樣是詞性錯誤。"Vaccine" 是名詞，這裡需要動詞 "vaccinate" 來表示「為...接種疫苗」的動作。