抗原是能引發免疫系統產生抗體的物質。
核心定義
EN: A substance that causes the immune system to produce antibodies.
翻譯: 一種能引發免疫系統產生抗體的物質。
常見類型
EN: Foreign substances like viruses, bacteria, or toxins.
翻譯: 外來物質，如病毒、細菌或毒素。
醫學應用
EN: Used in vaccines to stimulate immunity without causing disease.
翻譯: 用於疫苗中，以在不引發疾病的情況下刺激免疫力。
檢測用途
EN: Detected in diagnostic tests (e.g., antigen tests for infections).
翻譯: 在診斷測試中被檢測（例如，用於檢測感染的抗原測試）。
小提醒：注意：抗原（antigen）是引發免疫反應的「外來物」；抗體（antibody）是免疫系統產生的「防禦蛋白」，兩者作用相反，常被混淆。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Antigen" from YouTube Videos
暫無 YouTube 示例，重新生成該詞頁可自動補上 1 條。
1. a substance that causes the immune system to produce antibodies against it
一種能引起免疫系統產生抗體對抗它的物質
The vaccine contains a weakened form of the antigen to stimulate immunity.
這種疫苗含有一種弱化的抗原形式，用以刺激免疫力。
When a foreign antigen enters the body, the immune system recognizes it as a threat.
當外來抗原進入身體時，免疫系統會將其識別為威脅。
2. a protein or other molecule on the surface of a pathogen or cell that is recognized by the immune system
病原體或細胞表面的一種蛋白質或其他分子，能被免疫系統識別
The rapid test detects specific viral antigens in a nasal swab sample.
快速檢測能偵測鼻拭子樣本中特定的病毒抗原。
Red blood cells have surface antigens that determine blood type.
紅血球具有決定血型的表面抗原。
3. a substance used in diagnostic tests to detect the presence of specific antibodies
用於診斷測試中以檢測特定抗體存在的物質
The laboratory used a purified antigen to test for exposure to the disease.
實驗室使用一種純化的抗原來檢測是否曾接觸該疾病。
In an allergy test, small amounts of potential allergens are introduced as antigens to the skin.
在過敏測試中，會將少量潛在過敏原作為抗原引入皮膚。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| antigen + to + noun | 對...的抗原 | The lab identified a new antigen to the virus. (實驗室鑑定出一種對該病毒的新抗原。) |
| antigen + for + noun | 用於...的抗原 | They developed a specific antigen for the diagnostic test. (他們為診斷測試開發了一種特異性抗原。) |
| antigen + from + source | 來自...的抗原 | The antigen from the bacterial cell wall triggered a strong response. (來自細菌細胞壁的抗原引發了強烈反應。) |
| detect/identify + antigen | 檢測/識別抗原 | The test can detect the antigen in the blood sample. (該測試能檢測血液樣本中的抗原。) |
| produce/express + antigen | 產生/表現抗原 | The infected cells express the viral antigen on their surface. (受感染的細胞在其表面表現病毒抗原。) |
| antibody + against + antigen | 對抗...抗原的抗體 | Vaccines stimulate the body to produce antibodies against the antigen. (疫苗刺激身體產生對抗該抗原的抗體。) |
對比例句： EN: The vaccine introduces a harmless antigen to train the immune system. 翻譯: 疫苗引入一種無害的抗原來訓練免疫系統。
EN:After infection, the body produces specific antibodies against the viral antigen.
翻譯:感染後，身體會產生針對病毒抗原的特異性抗體。
記住抗原是「引發者」，抗體是「反應者」，有助於清晰區分兩者在免疫過程中的角色。
antigen vs antibody
抗原是引發免疫反應的物質，抗體則是免疫系統產生的蛋白質，用來辨識並中和抗原。
antigen vs pathogen
病原體是致病的微生物，抗原則是病原體上能引發免疫反應的特定分子結構。
antigen vs allergen
所有過敏原都是抗原，但並非所有抗原都是過敏原。過敏原特指會引發過度免疫（過敏）反應的抗原。
在口語中，當引述或提及他人關於抗原的論點時，常會使用「他們說...」或「我聽說...」等結構來緩和語氣。 EN: They say the new antigen test is much faster. 翻譯: 他們說新的抗原檢測快多了。
EN:I heard the antigen levels were surprisingly high.
翻譯:我聽說抗原濃度出乎意料地高。
為了強調抗原在特定情境下的重要性或特殊性，說話者可能會使用「就是那個...」或「特別是...」等口語表達。 EN: It's that specific antigen that's causing the strong reaction. 翻譯: 就是那個特定的抗原引起了強烈反應。
EN:We need to watch for this antigen, especially in early screenings.
翻譯:我們必須留意這種抗原，特別是在早期篩查時。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞彙時，可能會用「嗯...」、「就是...」等填充詞來談論抗原這個較專業的術語。 EN: So, the, uh, antigen presentation is key here. 翻譯: 所以，嗯...抗原呈現是這裡的關鍵。
EN:The test looks for, you know, the viral antigen.
翻譯:這個檢測是在尋找，就是...病毒的抗原。
正式寫作注意：在學術論文、研究報告或正式醫療文件中，應避免使用上述口語填充詞、引述結構或過於隨意的強調方式。請使用精確、客觀的專業術語來描述抗原，例如「數據顯示...」、「文獻指出...」或「此抗原被確認...」，以維持文本的嚴謹性與權威性。
foreign antigen
adjective + antigen
外來抗原
antigen presentation
antigen + noun
抗原呈現
detect an antigen
verb + antigen
檢測抗原
antigen test
antigen + noun
抗原檢測
self-antigen
prefix + antigen
自身抗原
antigenic drift
antigen + adjective + noun
抗原漂變
tumor antigen
noun + antigen
腫瘤抗原
×The doctor tested my blood for an antigen.
✓The doctor tested my blood for antigens.
When referring to testing for the presence of antigens in general, the plural form 'antigens' is typically used because the test is looking for multiple potential antigens or antigen types, not just one specific one.
×I have a strong antigen to that virus.
✓I have a strong antibody response to that antigen.
An 'antigen' is the substance that triggers an immune response. The body's protective protein produced in response is called an 'antibody'. Confusing these two terms reverses the cause and effect in immunology.
×This is the antigen of the flu.
✓This is an antigen of the flu virus.
Using the definite article 'the' implies there is only one specific, unique antigen for the flu. In reality, viruses like influenza have multiple antigens (e.g., hemagglutinin and neuraminidase). The indefinite article 'an' is more accurate.
×The test result shows positive antigen.
✓The test result is antigen-positive. / The test detected the antigen.
The word 'antigen' is a noun, not an adjective. To describe a test result, we use the compound adjective 'antigen-positive' or rephrase the sentence to use 'antigen' as the object of a verb like 'detected'.
×My body created many antigens after the vaccination.
✓My body created many antibodies after being exposed to the vaccine's antigen.
This is a critical confusion. The vaccine provides the 'antigen'. The body's immune system then produces 'antibodies' in response to that antigen. The subject (body) produces antibodies, not antigens.