一種由免疫系統產生的蛋白質，用於識別並中和外來物質。
核心定義
EN: A protein produced by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign substances like bacteria and viruses.
翻譯: 一種由免疫系統產生的蛋白質，用於識別並中和如細菌和病毒等外來物質。
醫學檢測
EN: The presence or level of specific antibodies in the blood can indicate a past infection or immune response.
翻譯: 血液中特定抗體的存在或水平，可以顯示過去的感染或免疫反應。
治療應用
EN: Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins used as targeted therapies for diseases like cancer.
翻譯: 單株抗體是實驗室製造的蛋白質，被用作針對癌症等疾病的標靶治療。
小提醒：「Antibody」是免疫系統的「防禦分子」，而「antigen」是它要攻擊的「目標物質」，兩者作用相反，不要混淆。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Antibody" from YouTube Videos
Carl Schoonover: How to look inside the brain
TED
“This, for example, is an antibody staining against serotonin transporters in a slice of mouse brain, And you've heard of serotonin, of course, in the context of diseases like depression and anxiety.”
1. a protein produced by the body's immune system to identify and neutralize foreign substances like bacteria and viruses
一種由身體免疫系統產生的蛋白質，用於識別和中和細菌、病毒等外來物質
The test detected antibodies against the virus in her blood.
檢測發現她的血液中有對抗該病毒的抗體。
Vaccines work by stimulating the body to produce specific antibodies.
疫苗的作用是刺激身體產生特定的抗體。
2. a specific type of antibody, such as IgG or IgM, that has a particular structure and function in the immune response
特定類型的抗體，如IgG或IgM，在免疫反應中具有特定的結構和功能
IgG antibodies are the most common type found in blood and tissue fluids.
IgG抗體是血液和組織液中最常見的類型。
The presence of IgM antibodies usually indicates a recent infection.
IgM抗體的存在通常表示近期感染。
3. a laboratory-produced molecule that mimics natural antibodies, used in research, diagnostics, or therapy
實驗室製造的分子，模仿天然抗體，用於研究、診斷或治療
Monoclonal antibodies are used in targeted cancer therapies.
單株抗體被用於標靶癌症治療。
The new diagnostic kit uses synthetic antibodies to detect the pathogen.
新的診斷套組使用合成抗體來檢測病原體。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| antibody + to + noun | 對…的抗體 | The body produces antibodies to the virus. (身體會產生對抗該病毒的抗體。) |
| antibody + against + noun | 對抗…的抗體 | They are testing for antibodies against the new strain. (他們正在檢測對抗新變種的抗體。) |
| develop/produce + antibody | 產生/製造抗體 | After vaccination, you will develop antibodies. (接種疫苗後，你將會產生抗體。) |
| detect/measure + antibody | 檢測/測量抗體 | The test can detect antibodies in your blood. (這項檢測能測出你血液中的抗體。) |
| monoclonal/polyclonal + antibody | 單株/多株抗體 | Monoclonal antibodies are used in some cancer treatments. (單株抗體被用於某些癌症治療中。) |
antibody to 和 antibody against 通常可以互換，都表示「對抗…的抗體」。antibody to 的結構更為常見，直接指出抗體所針對的目標（抗原）。antibody against 的對抗意味更強烈，有時用於強調免疫反應的防禦性質。antibody to 的使用頻率略高於 antibody against。
EN: The test detected antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
翻譯: 檢測發現了對 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的抗體。EN:The vaccine aims to produce antibodies against the spike protein.
翻譯:該疫苗旨在產生對抗棘突蛋白的抗體。
在大多數情況下，antibody to 和 antibody against 可互換使用，但 antibody to 在學術文獻中更為普遍。
antibody vs antigen
「antibody」（抗體）是免疫系統產生的蛋白質，用以識別並中和外來物質；「antigen」（抗原）則是任何能引發抗體產生的外來物質，通常是抗體作用的目標。
antibody vs antibiotic
「antibody」（抗體）是生物體內免疫系統自然產生的防禦蛋白；「antibiotic」（抗生素）通常是從微生物提煉或人工合成的化學藥物，用以殺死或抑制細菌生長。
antibody vs hormone
「antibody」（抗體）是免疫系統用於防禦的蛋白質，主要功能是識別並對抗病原體；「hormone」（激素）是體內分泌的化學信使，主要功能是調節生理活動與新陳代謝。
在對話中，當引述或提及他人（如醫生、專家）的解釋時，常用此詞。 EN: My doctor said my antibody levels are really high after the vaccine. 翻譯: 我的醫生說我接種疫苗後抗體水平非常高。
EN:She was explaining how antibodies work, but it went over my head.
翻譯:她當時在解釋抗體如何運作，但我完全沒聽懂。
在非正式對話中，會用誇張或強調的語氣來談論身體狀況或醫療新聞。 EN: I need all the antibodies I can get before flu season hits! 翻譯: 在流感季節來襲前，我需要盡可能獲得所有抗體！
EN:This new variant seems to dodge antibodies like a pro.
翻譯:這個新變種病毒躲避抗體的能力簡直像專業的一樣。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞彙時，可能用此詞作為填充，引出更詳細的解釋。 EN: The key thing is... antibodies... they're like your body's personal defense team. 翻譯: 關鍵在於...抗體...它們就像你身體的個人防禦小組。
EN:So after the infection, your immune system produces these... antibodies... to remember the virus.
翻譯:所以感染後，你的免疫系統會產生這些...抗體...來記住病毒。
正式寫作注意：在學術或正式醫學報告中，應避免上述口語化、模糊或帶有個人情緒的表述，需使用精確、客觀的科學語言。
monoclonal antibody
adj + antibody
單株抗體
antibody test
antibody + n
抗體檢測
produce antibodies
v + antibodies
產生抗體
neutralizing antibody
adj + antibody
中和抗體
antibody response
antibody + n
抗體反應
detect antibodies
v + antibodies
檢測抗體
specific antibody
adj + antibody
特異性抗體
×The test shows she has a high antibody.
✓The test shows she has a high antibody level. / The test shows she has high antibodies.
“Antibody” is a countable noun. When referring to the amount, you need to use the plural form “antibodies” or specify a measurable noun like “level” or “count”.
×This antibody is for the influenza virus.
✓This antibody is against the influenza virus.
The standard preposition used with “antibody” to indicate its target is “against,” not “for.” “For” might imply purpose, but “against” correctly denotes opposition or targeting.
×Antibody are proteins that fight infections.
✓Antibodies are proteins that fight infections.
When speaking in general terms about the concept, the plural form “antibodies” is typically used. The singular “antibody” is used when referring to a specific type or instance.
×The vaccine introduces antibodies into the body to trigger an immune response.
✓The vaccine introduces antigens (or viral components) into the body to trigger the production of antibodies.
This confuses cause and effect. Vaccines typically contain antigens (parts of the pathogen), not antibodies. The body then produces its own antibodies in response to these antigens.
×The medicine will antibody the virus.
✓The medicine contains antibodies that neutralize the virus. / The medicine helps the body produce antibodies against the virus.
“Antibody” is a noun, not a verb. You cannot use it as an action word. You need to use verbs like “produce,” “contain,” “neutralize,” or “target” in relation to antibodies.