1. the act of punishing someone, or the penalty imposed for an offense
懲罰的行為，或因犯錯而施加的處罰
The punishment for stealing was severe.
偷竊的懲罰非常嚴厲。
He accepted his punishment without complaint.
他毫無怨言地接受了他的懲罰。
Punishment Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
punishment
noun
快速理解
What does "Punishment" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Punishment"?
指因違反規則或法律而施加的處罰或痛苦。
- 1
法律或官方處罰
EN: The legal penalty for the crime was a severe punishment.
翻譯: 這項罪行的法律懲罰非常嚴厲。
- 2
對不良行為的懲戒
EN: As a punishment for lying, he was grounded for a week.
翻譯: 作為說謊的懲罰，他被禁足一週。
- 3
泛指承受的痛苦或後果
EN: Running a marathon without training is a punishment for the body.
翻譯: 沒有訓練就去跑馬拉松對身體是一種折磨。
- 4
體育競賽中的嚴厲對待
EN: The boxer took a lot of punishment in the final round.
翻譯: 那位拳擊手在最後一回合遭受了重擊。
小提醒：注意：'punishment' 通常指施加的處罰本身，而 'penalty' 更常指具體的罰則或罰款。在體育中，'take punishment' 是固定說法，意指『承受打擊』。
發音（How to Pronounce "Punishment" in English）
How to pronounce "Punishment" in English?"Punishment" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Punishment" from YouTube Videos
Clay Shirky: How cognitive surplus will change the world
TED
“And deterrence theory is a very simple theory of human behavior. If you want somebody to do less of something, add a punishment and they'll do less of it.”
(1 out of 9)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Punishment"?How does "Punishment" change by context?
2. rough or harsh treatment
粗暴或嚴苛的對待
The old truck has taken a lot of punishment over the years.
這輛舊卡車多年來承受了許多損耗。
His body could not withstand the punishment of the extreme training.
他的身體無法承受那種極端訓練的折磨。
3. the legal process of punishing someone convicted of a crime
對被判有罪者施加處罰的法律程序
The theory of punishment is a major topic in legal philosophy.
刑罰理論是法律哲學的一個主要議題。
Capital punishment remains a controversial issue.
死刑仍然是一個具爭議性的議題。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Punishment"?How to make natural sentences with "Punishment"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| punishment for + noun | 對…的懲罰 | The punishment for treason was severe. (叛國罪的懲罰非常嚴厲。) |
| punishment + verb (e.g., fit, be) | 懲罰… | The punishment should fit the crime. (懲罰應與罪行相符。) |
| receive/take punishment | 接受/遭受懲罰 | He took his punishment without complaint. (他毫無怨言地接受了懲罰。) |
| as (a) punishment | 作為懲罰 | She was grounded as punishment for lying. (她因說謊而被禁足作為懲罰。) |
| escape/avoid punishment | 逃避/避免懲罰 | The corrupt official managed to escape punishment. (那名貪官設法逃脫了懲罰。) |
| capital/corporal punishment | 死刑/體罰 | The debate over capital punishment continues. (關於死刑的辯論仍在繼續。) |
| severe/harsh punishment | 嚴厲的懲罰 | The judge handed down a harsh punishment. (法官判處了嚴厲的懲罰。) |
| light/mild punishment | 輕微的懲罰 | He got off with a very light punishment. (他只受到了非常輕微的懲罰。) |
用法說明
How is "Punishment" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Punishment"?
punishment for doing vs punishment to do
- punishment for doing 用於描述因「已發生」的具體行為而受到的懲罰。介系詞 for 後面接動名詞 (V-ing) 或名詞，指稱該行為。
- punishment to do 結構較不常見，通常用於表示「作為一種懲罰手段，某人必須做某事」。這裡的 to do 是不定詞，表示懲罰的「內容」或「要求」。
- 在大多數情況下，描述「因某事受罰」應使用 punishment for (doing) something。
對比例句： EN: He received a punishment for cheating on the exam. 翻譯: 他因考試作弊而受到處罰。
EN:The teacher gave him extra homework as a punishment to make him reflect.
翻譯:老師給他額外作業作為懲罰，好讓他反省。
總結建議
描述「因某行為受罰」時，標準用法是 punishment for + (動名詞/名詞)。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Punishment" and similar words?How to choose "Punishment" vs alternatives?
punishment vs penalty
「Punishment」通常指因違反規則或法律而受到的懲罰，強調對過錯的回應；「penalty」則常指違反規定後必須承擔的具體後果或罰則，尤其在法律或運動競賽中。
punishment vs discipline
「Punishment」是施加的懲罰，常帶有負面意涵；「discipline」則可指訓練、紀律，或為了糾正行為而採取的管教，可能包含懲罰，但更強調教導與規範。
punishment vs retribution
「Punishment」是懲罰的通用詞；「retribution」特指報應、應得的懲罰，強調因果報應與罪罰相當的觀念，帶有強烈的正義或復仇色彩。
口語用法
How is "Punishment" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Punishment"?
引述
在對話中，人們常會引述或提及他人對「懲罰」的看法或決定。 EN: He said the punishment was too harsh for a first-time offense. 翻譯: 他說對於初犯來說，這個懲罰太嚴厲了。
EN:Everyone's talking about what the punishment should be.
翻譯:大家都在討論應該給予什麼樣的懲罰。
語氣強調
使用「punishment」時，常搭配特定詞語來強調其嚴重性、不公或必要性。 EN: That's not a fair punishment at all. 翻譯: 那根本就不是公平的懲罰。
EN:The punishment needs to fit the crime.
翻譯:懲罰必須與罪行相符。
停頓填充
在思考或組織語句時，可能會用「punishment」相關的短語作為停頓填充，帶出後續觀點。 EN: As for the punishment... well, I think we should consider all options. 翻譯: 至於懲罰嘛… 嗯，我認為我們應該考慮所有選項。
EN:The punishment, you know, it's supposed to teach a lesson.
翻譯:這個懲罰，你知道的，本來就是要給個教訓。
正式寫作注意：在正式或學術寫作中，應避免使用上述口語中的停頓填充結構（如「you know」），並使用更精確、客觀的詞彙來描述懲罰的性質與目的。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Punishment"?What fixed phrases with "Punishment" should I remember?
capital punishment
noun
死刑
severe punishment
adjective + noun
嚴厲的懲罰
escape punishment
verb + noun
逃脫懲罰
face punishment
verb + noun
面臨懲罰
corporal punishment
noun
體罰
as punishment for
preposition + noun + preposition
作為對...的懲罰
mild punishment
adjective + noun
輕微的懲罰
fit the punishment to the crime
verb phrase
依罪量刑；使懲罰與罪行相符
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Punishment"?Which "Punishment" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×The punishment for his crime was very hard.
✓The punishment for his crime was very severe.
在描述懲罰的嚴厲程度時，英文通常使用 'severe', 'harsh', 'strict' 或 'heavy'，而不是 'hard'。'Hard' 更常用於描述物理上的堅硬或困難的任務。
×Parents should give punishment to their children when they misbehave.
✓Parents should punish their children when they misbehave.
'Give punishment' 是直譯且不自然的說法。更自然的表達是使用動詞 'punish' 或片語 'administer punishment'、'impose punishment'。
×He got a punishment by his boss.
✓He was punished by his boss.
'Get a punishment' 雖然語法上可能成立，但聽起來不自然且被動。描述某人受到懲罰時，更常用被動語態 'was punished' 或 'received a punishment'。
×The punishment's goal is to make them regret.
✓The purpose of punishment is to make them regret their actions.
使用所有格 'punishment's' 來表示懲罰的目的雖然可以理解，但較不常見。更自然的說法是使用 'the purpose of punishment' 或 'the aim of punishment'。同時，'regret' 作為不及物動詞時，通常需要接受詞或上下文。
×This is a punishment activity.
✓This is a punitive measure.
'Punishment activity' 是生硬的直譯。在描述具有懲罰性質的行動或措施時，英文常用形容詞 'punitive'（懲罰性的）或名詞片語如 'form of punishment'。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Punishment"?What are tense/participle forms of "Punishment"?