1. the legal status of being a citizen of a particular country
作為某個特定國家公民的法律身分
She applied for French citizenship after living in Paris for five years.
她在巴黎居住五年後，申請了法國公民身分。
Dual citizenship is permitted in some countries.
某些國家允許雙重國籍。
Citizenship Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
citizenship
noun
快速理解
What does "Citizenship" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Citizenship"?
指個人作為一個國家或政治實體成員的身份、權利與義務。
- 1
法律身份與權利
EN: The legal status of being a citizen of a particular country, with associated rights and protections.
翻譯: 作為特定國家公民的法律身份，享有相應的權利與保護。
- 2
公民責任與參與
EN: The duties and active participation expected from a member of a society or nation.
翻譯: 作為社會或國家成員所應承擔的責任與積極參與。
- 3
歸化取得
EN: The process of becoming a citizen of a country where one was not born.
翻譯: 透過歸化程序，取得非出生地國家的公民身份。
- 4
全球公民意識
EN: A sense of belonging to the global community and responsibility towards worldwide issues.
翻譯: 對全球社群的歸屬感以及對世界性議題的責任感。
小提醒：注意 'citizenship' 與 'nationality' 在中文常同譯為「國籍」，但前者更強調法律權利與公民參與，後者更側重民族或出生地的歸屬關係。
發音（How to Pronounce "Citizenship" in English）
How to pronounce "Citizenship" in English?"Citizenship" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Citizenship" from YouTube Videos
Jennifer Pahlka: Coding a better government
TED
“We're more than that. we're citizens, And we're not going to fix government until we fix citizenship.”
(1 out of 6)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Citizenship"?How does "Citizenship" change by context?
2. the rights and duties that come with being a citizen
身為公民所擁有的權利與義務
Voting is both a right and a responsibility of citizenship.
投票是公民身分的一項權利，也是一項責任。
The course teaches students about good citizenship and community involvement.
這門課程教導學生關於良好公民素養和社區參與的知識。
3. the qualities that a person is expected to have as a responsible member of a community
一個人作為社區負責任成員所應具備的素質
The school's program aims to foster a sense of global citizenship among its students.
該學校的計畫旨在培養學生的全球公民意識。
Demonstrating good citizenship includes respecting the rights of others.
展現良好的公民素養包括尊重他人的權利。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Citizenship"?How to make natural sentences with "Citizenship"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| citizenship + of + [country] | 表示所屬的國家 | She holds citizenship of Canada. (她持有加拿大公民身分。) |
| apply for + citizenship | 申請公民身分 | He is applying for citizenship next month. (他下個月將申請公民身分。) |
| grant + [someone] + citizenship | 授予某人公民身分 | The country granted him citizenship for his contributions. (該國因他的貢獻授予他公民身分。) |
| renounce + one's citizenship | 放棄公民身分 | She decided to renounce her citizenship. (她決定放棄她的公民身分。) |
| dual citizenship | 雙重國籍 | Many countries do not allow dual citizenship. (許多國家不允許雙重國籍。) |
| citizenship + by + [birth/descent/naturalization] | 透過（出生/血統/歸化）取得的公民身分 | He acquired citizenship by naturalization. (他透過歸化取得了公民身分。) |
| a test of citizenship | 公民資格測驗 | Passing a citizenship test is often a requirement. (通過公民資格測驗通常是必要條件。) |
| the rights of citizenship | 公民權利 | Voting is one of the fundamental rights of citizenship. (投票是公民的基本權利之一。) |
用法說明
How is "Citizenship" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Citizenship"?
citizenship 與 nationality 的區別
- citizenship 強調的是法律上的「公民身份」，指個人與一個國家之間的正式法律關係，通常伴隨著特定的權利（如投票權）和義務（如納稅、服兵役）。
- nationality 的含義較廣，可以指法律上的「國籍」，也可以指文化、種族或族群上的「民族」歸屬感，不一定涉及完整的政治權利。
- 在許多國家的法律中，這兩個詞可以互換使用，指的都是法律歸屬。但在強調政治權利與義務，或區分法律身份與文化認同時，選擇正確的詞彙很重要。
對比範例： EN: She applied for French citizenship to gain the right to vote in national elections. 翻譯: 她申請了法國公民身份，以獲得在全國選舉中投票的權利。
EN:He is of Japanese nationality but has lived abroad since childhood.
翻譯:他擁有日本國籍，但自幼在國外生活。
總結建議
在正式法律或政治語境中，若強調權利與義務，使用 citizenship；若泛指法律歸屬或文化民族背景，則可使用 nationality。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Citizenship" and similar words?How to choose "Citizenship" vs alternatives?
citizenship vs nationality
「citizenship」強調法律上的公民身分與權利義務；「nationality」則更偏向民族、文化或國籍的歸屬感。
citizenship vs residency
「citizenship」是永久性的法定公民身分；「residency」通常指居住許可，權利較有限且可能具臨時性。
citizenship vs allegiance
「citizenship」是法律狀態；「allegiance」是個人對國家或統治者的忠誠義務或情感。
口語用法
How is "Citizenship" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Citizenship"?
引述
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人關於公民身份的看法或規定時，常用此字。 EN: She was explaining what citizenship actually means in terms of rights and duties. 翻譯: 她當時在解釋，就權利和義務而言，公民身份實際上意味著什麼。
EN:He asked me if I had ever considered applying for dual citizenship.
翻譯:他問我是否曾考慮申請雙重國籍。
語氣強調
在強調公民身份的價值、重要性或得來不易時使用。 EN: Getting that citizenship certificate was the proudest moment of my life. 翻譯: 拿到那張公民證書是我一生中最驕傲的時刻。
EN:It's not just a passport; it's about the responsibilities of citizenship.
翻譯:這不只是一本護照；它關乎公民身份所帶來的責任。
停頓填充
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，作為短暫的停頓填充詞。 EN: The process involves... citizenship... tests, interviews, and a lot of paperwork. 翻譯: 這個過程涉及… 公民… 考試、面談，還有一大堆文書工作。
EN:We need to talk about your status, your... um... citizenship situation.
翻譯:我們需要談談你的身份，你的… 嗯… 國籍狀況。
注意：在正式寫作（如論文、法律文件、官方申請）中，應避免使用口語中的停頓填充用法，並確保「citizenship」一詞的用法精確且符合上下文的法律或學術定義。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Citizenship"?What fixed phrases with "Citizenship" should I remember?
apply for citizenship
verb + for + citizenship
申請公民身份
grant citizenship
verb + citizenship
授予公民身份
dual citizenship
adjective + citizenship
雙重國籍
revoke citizenship
verb + citizenship
撤銷公民身份
citizenship test
citizenship + noun
公民入籍考試
rights of citizenship
noun + of + citizenship
公民權利
pathway to citizenship
noun + to + citizenship
取得公民身份的途徑
active citizenship
adjective + citizenship
積極公民意識；積極參與的公民身份
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Citizenship"?Which "Citizenship" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×He applied for a citizenship.
✓He applied for citizenship.
The word 'citizenship' is usually used as an uncountable noun when referring to the status or concept. Do not use the indefinite article 'a' before it.
×He lost his citizenship of Canada.
✓He lost his Canadian citizenship.
When specifying the country, it is more natural to use the adjective form of the country (e.g., Canadian, American) before 'citizenship', rather than using 'of + country'.
×The citizenship test is difficult.
✓The citizenship test is difficult.
While this sentence is grammatically correct, learners often confuse 'citizenship' with 'naturalization'. 'Citizenship' is the status, while 'naturalization' is the process. The test is specifically for naturalization, but it is commonly called the 'citizenship test'. The mistake is using 'citizenship' to refer to the process itself.
×They discussed about citizenship rights.
✓They discussed citizenship rights.
The verb 'discuss' is a transitive verb and does not require the preposition 'about'. This is a common error with many learners.
×He got the citizenship by birth.
✓He acquired/got/has citizenship by birth.
Using 'the' before 'citizenship' in this context is incorrect because it refers to the general status, not a specific instance. Also, 'by birth' is the correct phrase, not 'by born'.
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Citizenship"?What are tense/participle forms of "Citizenship"?