指故事中的反派角色，或現實中對立、對抗的人或事物。
文學/戲劇角色
EN: The main character or force that opposes the protagonist in a story.
翻譯: 故事中與主角對立的主要角色或勢力。
敵對者
EN: A person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone.
翻譯: 積極反對或敵視某人的人。
生理/藥理學
EN: A substance that blocks or interferes with the action of another substance in the body.
翻譯: 一種在體內阻斷或干擾另一種物質作用的物質。
對抗肌肉
EN: A muscle that opposes the action of another muscle.
翻譯: 與另一塊肌肉作用相反的肌肉。
小提醒：在一般對話中，最常用來指「故事中的反派」或「現實中的敵對者」。在專業領域（如醫學、生理學）則有特定的科學含義。
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Real-life Examples of "Antagonist" from YouTube Videos
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1. a person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something; an adversary.
積極反對或敵視某人或某事的人；對手。
The hero finally confronted his main antagonist in the final chapter.
主角終於在最後一章與他的主要對手對峙。
In the debate, she was a formidable antagonist to her opponent's arguments.
在辯論中，她是對手論點的一個強大反駁者。
2. a substance that interferes with or inhibits the physiological action of another.
一種干擾或抑制另一物質生理作用的物質。
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse overdoses.
納洛酮是一種用於逆轉藥物過量的鴉片類拮抗劑。
This drug acts as an antagonist to the hormone, blocking its effects.
這種藥物作為該激素的拮抗劑，阻斷其作用。
3. the main character opposing the protagonist in a drama or narrative.
在戲劇或敘事中，與主角對立的主要角色。
The Joker is one of the most iconic antagonists in film history.
小丑是電影史上最具代表性的反派角色之一。
A compelling story often requires a complex and believable antagonist.
一個引人入勝的故事通常需要一個複雜且可信的反派角色。
4. a muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle.
一種對抗另一肌肉動作的肌肉。
The triceps is the antagonist to the biceps during elbow flexion.
在肘部彎曲時，三頭肌是二頭肌的拮抗肌。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| antagonist + of + noun | ...的對立者 | The antagonist of the story is a cunning sorcerer. (故事的反派是一個狡猾的巫師。) |
| antagonist + to + noun | 對...的敵對者 | He became the main antagonist to the new policy. (他成了這項新政策的主要反對者。) |
| play/be the antagonist | 扮演反派角色 | The actor is excited to play the antagonist in the film. (這位演員對於在電影中扮演反派角色感到興奮。) |
| main/primary antagonist | 主要反派 | The main antagonist was finally defeated in the last chapter. (主要反派在最後一章終於被擊敗。) |
| face/confront one's antagonist | 面對/對抗自己的對手 | The hero must confront his antagonist in the final battle. (英雄必須在最終決戰中對抗他的對手。) |
EN:The two companies have an antagonistic relationship in the market.
翻譯:這兩家公司在市場上處於敵對關係。
EN:He played the role of the antagonist perfectly.
翻譯:他完美地飾演了那個反派角色。
EN:She was antagonistic towards any new ideas.
翻譯:她對任何新想法都抱有敵意。
使用時，請根據你想表達的是「敵對的人/角色」（名詞）還是「敵對的性質」（形容詞）來選擇 antagonist 或 antagonistic。
antagonist vs villain
antagonist 是故事中與主角對立、製造衝突的角色，不一定是邪惡的；villain 則特指道德敗壞、邪惡的反派。
antagonist vs rival
antagonist 是與主角核心目標直接衝突的對立者；rival 是競爭者，目標可能相似但不一定直接對抗。
antagonist vs enemy
antagonist 是敘事中的角色功能；enemy 是現實或虛構中帶有敵意的個人或群體。
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人觀點時，常用來指稱對方論點中的反對者或敵對角色。 EN: So then she said, "In my story, the real antagonist isn't the villain, but society itself." 翻譯: 然後她說：「在我的故事裡，真正的對立者不是那個壞人，而是社會本身。」
EN:He was explaining the game's plot and was like, "You think the king is the antagonist, but there's a twist."
翻譯:他在解釋遊戲劇情時說：「你以為國王是反派，但其實有個轉折。」
用於強調某人是「真正的」或「主要的」反對者，帶有強烈的對立意味。 EN: Don't listen to him—he's the main antagonist in all of this! 翻譯: 別聽他的——他才是這整件事的主要對立者！
EN:In this debate, my real antagonist isn't you; it's the flawed data.
翻譯:這場辯論中，我真正的對手不是你，而是有缺陷的數據。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞彙時，作為短暫的填充詞，引出後續的解釋或定義。 EN: The character is more of an... antagonist to the protagonist's goals, not necessarily evil. 翻譯: 這個角色更像是…主角目標的阻礙者，不一定是邪惡的。
EN:Their relationship is complicated—she acts as a sort of... antagonist, but also a mentor.
翻譯:他們的關係很複雜——她扮演著某種…對立者的角色，但同時也是導師。
正式寫作注意：在學術或正式寫作中，應避免將 "antagonist" 用於過於口語化或模糊的比喻。請明確界定其指涉的是文學角色、生物受體、還是具體的對手，並使用更精準的學術用語。
main antagonist
adjective + antagonist
主要反派角色；主要對立者
protagonist and antagonist
noun + and + antagonist
主角與反派；對立雙方
muscle antagonist
noun + antagonist
拮抗肌
drug antagonist
noun + antagonist
藥物拮抗劑
formidable antagonist
adjective + antagonist
強大的對手；難纏的反派
antagonist role
antagonist + noun
反派角色
natural antagonist
adjective + antagonist
天敵；天然的對立者
×He is the main antagonist of the story.
✓He is the main antagonist in the story.
When referring to a character's role within a narrative, use 'in' rather than 'of'. 'Of' suggests possession, while 'in' indicates participation within the story's context.
×She felt a strong antagonist towards her rival.
✓She felt strong antagonism towards her rival.
'Antagonist' is a noun for a person or force that opposes. The feeling or state of opposition is 'antagonism'. Do not use 'antagonist' to describe the feeling itself.
×The drug works as an antagonist receptor.
✓The drug is a receptor antagonist.
In pharmacology and biology, 'antagonist' typically follows the noun it modifies (e.g., receptor antagonist, enzyme antagonist). The word order is important for technical accuracy.
×They are antagonists each other.
✓They are antagonists. / They are antagonistic towards each other.
'Antagonist' is a countable noun referring to the opposing party itself. You cannot use 'antagonists' directly with 'each other'. Use 'are antagonists' or rephrase using the adjective 'antagonistic'.
×The hero fought against the antagonist villain.
✓The hero fought against the antagonist. / The hero fought against the villain.
'Antagonist' and 'villain' are often synonymous in stories. Using both together is redundant. Choose one term unless specifying a distinct nuance (e.g., 'the antagonist, who was not a villain but a rival').