形容容易受到傷害、攻擊或影響的狀態。
易受傷害
EN: easily hurt physically or emotionally
翻譯: 指身體或情感上容易受到傷害。
易受攻擊
EN: open to attack or criticism
翻譯: 指在軍事、安全或論點上容易遭受攻擊或批評。
易受影響
EN: susceptible to harm or negative influence
翻譯: 指容易受到疾病、誘惑或不利情況的影響。
弱勢處境
EN: in a weak position and needing support
翻譯: 指處於社會或經濟上的弱勢，需要保護或協助。
小提醒：注意：'vulnerable' 不僅描述物理上的脆弱，更常用於描述系統、論點或人在特定情境下的『弱點』或『易受影響性』。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Vulnerable" from YouTube Videos
Rachel Sussman: The world's oldest living things
TED
“It's also probably one the most vulnerable of the oldest living things, because if the permafrost melts, it won't survive.”
1. able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked
易受傷害的；易受影響的；易受攻擊的
Young children are especially vulnerable to infectious diseases.
幼兒特別容易受到傳染病的侵害。
He felt vulnerable after sharing his personal story.
分享了他的個人故事後，他感到自己很脆弱。
The coastal town is vulnerable to hurricanes.
這個沿海城鎮容易受到颶風的侵襲。
2. open to moral attack, criticism, or temptation
易受（道德）攻擊、批評或誘惑的
The politician's past statements left him vulnerable to criticism from opponents.
這位政治人物過去的言論使他容易受到對手的批評。
Their argument is vulnerable to logical flaws.
他們的論點存在邏輯缺陷，容易受到攻擊。
3. in a weak position and likely to fail or be harmed
處於弱勢的；有失敗或受損風險的
The company's finances are in a vulnerable state.
該公司的財務狀況岌岌可危。
The team was vulnerable after losing their star player.
失去明星球員後，這支隊伍變得不堪一擊。
4. (in sports or games) likely to lose or be defeated
（體育或比賽中）可能輸掉的；處於下風的
The champion looked vulnerable in the first few rounds.
這位冠軍在最初的幾回合中顯得不堪一擊。
Their defense is vulnerable to quick counterattacks.
他們的防守很容易被快速反擊攻破。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| vulnerable + to + noun | 易受…影響的；易受…傷害的 | The system is vulnerable to cyber attacks. (該系統易受網路攻擊。) |
| vulnerable + to + V-ing | 易於…的 | He felt vulnerable to making a mistake under pressure. (他覺得在壓力下很容易犯錯。) |
| vulnerable + noun | 脆弱的… | The charity helps vulnerable children. (該慈善機構幫助弱勢兒童。) |
| make + someone/something + vulnerable | 使…變得脆弱 | His reckless comments made him vulnerable to criticism. (他魯莽的言論使他容易受到批評。) |
| feel + vulnerable | 感到脆弱 | After the surgery, she felt very vulnerable. (手術後，她感到非常脆弱。) |
| be + at + a vulnerable + stage/point | 處於脆弱的階段/時刻 | The company is at a vulnerable point in its expansion. (該公司正處於擴張中的脆弱時刻。) |
| financially/emotionally/physically + vulnerable | 在財務上/情感上/身體上脆弱的 | The elderly are often financially vulnerable. (老年人通常在財務上處於弱勢。) |
| leave + someone/something + vulnerable | 使…暴露於危險之中 | The broken lock left the house vulnerable to burglars. (壞掉的鎖讓房子容易遭竊賊入侵。) |
vulnerable to 後面。likely to 或 at risk of。to 在此是介系詞，因此後面必須接名詞性成分（名詞或動名詞），而非動詞不定式。
EN: Young trees are vulnerable to strong winds.
翻譯: 小樹容易受到強風的侵害。EN:The system is vulnerable to hacking attacks.
翻譯:該系統容易受到駭客攻擊。
EN:He is vulnerable to make mistakes under pressure.
翻譯:他在壓力下容易犯錯。
EN:He is vulnerable to making mistakes under pressure.
翻譯:他在壓力下容易犯錯。
標準用法中，vulnerable 後應接 to + noun/gerund，切勿接動詞原形。
vulnerable vs fragile
「vulnerable」強調因缺乏保護而易受傷害或攻擊；「fragile」強調物理上易碎或結構上脆弱。
vulnerable vs susceptible
「vulnerable」強調整體的弱點與易受傷害性；「susceptible」強調對特定影響或條件的易感性。
vulnerable vs defenseless
「vulnerable」指有弱點、易受傷害；「defenseless」指完全無自衛能力，毫無防備。
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人對自己或他人狀態的描述時，常會使用這個詞。 EN: She said she felt really vulnerable after sharing her story. 翻譯: 她說在分享自己的故事後，她感到非常脆弱。
EN:He kept mentioning how vulnerable the system was to attacks.
翻譯:他不停提到這個系統有多容易受到攻擊。
為了強調易受傷害或需要保護的狀態，會在口語中加重語氣或搭配副詞使用。 EN: I felt so vulnerable in that situation, with everyone staring at me. 翻譯: 在那種情況下，每個人都盯著我看，讓我覺得超級脆弱。
EN:This makes our data extremely vulnerable to hackers.
翻譯:這讓我們的資料極度容易受到駭客攻擊。
在思考如何描述一種敏感或不穩定的狀態時，可能會用這個詞作為短暫的停頓或填充。 EN: It's just... a very vulnerable time for me right now. 翻譯: 只是... 現在對我來說是一個非常脆弱的時期。
EN:The whole situation left us feeling, you know, vulnerable.
翻譯:整個情況讓我們感到，你知道的，很脆弱。
正式寫作注意：在正式或學術寫作中，應避免將 "vulnerable" 用於過於口語化的情境或僅作為填充詞。建議使用更精確的術語來描述具體的弱點、風險或易受影響的狀態，例如 "susceptible", "at risk", "exposed", 或 "fragile"，並提供具體的解釋或證據。
vulnerable to
be vulnerable to something
容易受到（某種負面事物）的影響或傷害
feel vulnerable
feel vulnerable
感到脆弱、易受傷害
vulnerable group
vulnerable group/population
弱勢群體
vulnerable point
vulnerable point/spot
弱點、易受攻擊之處
make vulnerable
make someone/something vulnerable
使…變得脆弱、易受傷害
vulnerable state
in a vulnerable state
處於脆弱的狀態
especially vulnerable
especially/particularly vulnerable
特別脆弱、尤其易受傷害
×He is vulnerable to get sick.
✓He is vulnerable to getting sick.
The correct pattern is 'vulnerable to + noun/gerund', not 'vulnerable to + base verb'. Use the gerund (-ing form) after 'to' when it functions as a preposition.
×This software is vulnerable for hackers.
✓This software is vulnerable to hackers.
The correct preposition after 'vulnerable' is 'to', not 'for'. 'Vulnerable to' indicates what or who poses the threat.
×She felt very vulnerable when she lost her job.
✓She felt very vulnerable after she lost her job.
While 'when' is sometimes acceptable, 'after' is more precise for describing the state resulting from a past event. 'When' can imply simultaneity, which might not be the intended meaning.
×Old people are more vulnerable than young people.
✓Older people are more vulnerable than younger people.
When comparing two groups, the comparative forms 'older' and 'younger' are more natural and precise than the base adjectives 'old' and 'young'.
×His argument was vulnerable and easy to attack.
✓His argument was weak and easy to attack.
'Vulnerable' describes susceptibility to harm or attack, not inherent poor quality. For an argument that is logically unsound from the start, 'weak', 'flawed', or 'unconvincing' are better choices.
×We must protect the vulnerable people.
✓We must protect vulnerable people.
When 'vulnerable' is used in a general sense to describe a group (e.g., the elderly, children, the sick), it typically does not take the definite article 'the' unless referring to a specific, previously mentioned group.