deflation 主要指經濟上的通貨緊縮，也可指物體因空氣流失而縮小。
經濟學
EN: A general decline in prices for goods and services, often associated with reduced economic activity.
翻譯: 指商品和服務價格普遍下降的經濟狀況，通常伴隨著經濟活動減緩。
貨幣價值
EN: An increase in the purchasing power of money as prices fall.
翻譯: 隨著物價下跌，貨幣的購買力相對提升。
物理/物體
EN: The process of releasing air or gas from something, causing it to shrink or collapse.
翻譯: 將空氣或氣體從物體中釋放出來，導致其縮小或塌陷的過程。
比喻用法
EN: A feeling of being less confident or important, or the act of making someone feel this way.
翻譯: 一種自信心或重要性降低的感覺，或使某人產生這種感覺的行為。
小提醒：注意：在經濟學中，deflation（通貨緊縮）與 inflation（通貨膨脹）是相反的概念，不要混淆。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Deflation" from YouTube Videos
Ray Kurzweil: A university for the coming singularity
TED
“That's a 50 percent deflation rate, And it's also true of other examples like DNA data or brain data.”
1. a reduction in the general level of prices in an economy
經濟中物價總體水平的下降
The country experienced a period of deflation, causing consumers to delay purchases in hopes of lower prices.
該國經歷了一段通貨緊縮時期，導致消費者為了等待更低的價格而推遲購買。
Persistent deflation can be harmful as it increases the real value of debt.
持續的通貨緊縮可能是有害的，因為它會增加債務的實際價值。
2. the action or process of releasing air or gas from something, causing it to shrink
從某物中釋放空氣或氣體使其縮小的動作或過程
The rapid deflation of the air mattress made it easy to pack.
充氣床墊的快速放氣使其易於打包。
After the game, the deflation of the basketballs is part of the routine.
比賽後，籃球的放氣是例行程序的一部分。
3. a feeling of disappointment or loss of confidence
一種失望或信心喪失的感覺
There was a palpable sense of deflation in the room after the team lost the final match.
球隊輸掉決賽後，房間裡瀰漫著一種明顯的沮喪感。
The deflation he felt after the project was canceled was hard to overcome.
專案取消後他感到的沮喪難以克服。
4. (geology) the removal of loose material (like sand or soil) by the wind
（地質學）風對鬆散物質（如沙或土壤）的搬移
The desert landscape is shaped largely by the processes of deflation and abrasion.
沙漠地貌主要由風蝕和磨蝕過程塑造而成。
Deflation can create depressions known as blowouts in sandy areas.
風蝕作用可以在沙地形成稱為風蝕窪地的凹陷。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| deflation + of + [noun] | ...的緊縮 | The deflation of the housing bubble caused widespread economic hardship. (房地產泡沫的緊縮導致了普遍的經濟困境。) |
| deflation + in + [noun] | 在...方面的通貨緊縮 | There has been significant deflation in consumer electronics prices. (消費性電子產品的價格出現了顯著的通貨緊縮。) |
| [verb] + deflation | 引發/導致/對抗通貨緊縮 | The central bank is trying to combat deflation. (中央銀行正試圖對抗通貨緊縮。) |
| deflation + [verb] | 通貨緊縮導致/加劇... | Persistent deflation erodes corporate profits. (持續的通貨緊縮侵蝕了企業利潤。) |
| the risk/threat of deflation | 通貨緊縮的風險/威脅 | Economists are warning about the threat of deflation. (經濟學家們正對通貨緊縮的威脅提出警告。) |
EN:Economists are concerned about persistent deflation in consumer goods prices.
翻譯:經濟學家對消費品價格持續的通貨緊縮感到擔憂。
在描述具體對象（如資產、泡沫）時優先使用 "deflation of"，而在談論某個經濟領域或價格類別時，則使用 "deflation in" 更為精確。
deflation vs inflation
deflation 指物價持續下跌，貨幣購買力上升；inflation 則指物價持續上漲，貨幣購買力下降。兩者是相反的經濟現象。
deflation vs disinflation
deflation 是物價水準的絕對下降；disinflation 則是通貨膨脹率的下降，但物價仍在上升，只是速度變慢。
deflation vs recession
deflation 是價格現象；recession 是整體經濟活動（如 GDP、就業）的廣泛性、顯著性衰退。兩者常相關，但定義不同。
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人對經濟狀況的看法時，常用此字。 EN: He kept talking about deflation and how it's hurting small businesses. 翻譯: 他一直在講通貨緊縮，以及它如何傷害小企業。
EN:I heard on the news they're worried about deflation setting in next quarter.
翻譯:我在新聞上聽到，他們擔心下一季會開始通貨緊縮。
用於強調價格或價值下降的趨勢，帶有擔憂或驚訝的語氣。 EN: That's not just a sale, it's like full-on deflation in that store! 翻譯: 那不只是特價，那家店的價格簡直像在全面通貨緊縮！
EN:With deflation, your savings might actually buy more, but it's still bad for the economy.
翻譯:通貨緊縮時，你的存款實際購買力可能增加，但對經濟來說仍然不好。
在思考如何描述經濟下滑時，作為短暫的停頓填充詞。 EN: The economy is facing... hmm, deflation, which is really unusual. 翻譯: 經濟正面臨...嗯，通貨緊縮，這真的很不尋常。
EN:We're not in a recession, but more of a... deflationary period.
翻譯:我們不是處於衰退，而是更像一個...通貨緊縮的時期。
正式寫作注意：在學術報告、新聞稿或正式商業文件中，應使用更精確的術語（如「通貨緊縮壓力」、「物價普遍持續下跌」）並提供具體數據，避免單獨使用「deflation」作為口語化的概括描述。
deflation in prices
deflation in [noun]
物價通貨緊縮
deflationary pressure
deflationary [noun]
通貨緊縮壓力
risk of deflation
risk of deflation
通貨緊縮風險
spiral of deflation
spiral of deflation
通貨緊縮螺旋
combat/fight deflation
combat/fight deflation
對抗/打擊通貨緊縮
deflation sets in
deflation sets in
通貨緊縮開始出現
wage deflation
[noun] deflation
薪資通縮
deflation concerns
deflation [noun]
對通貨緊縮的擔憂
×The deflation of the balloon was quick.
✓The balloon deflated quickly.
"Deflation" is primarily an economic term referring to a general decrease in prices. For physical objects losing air, use the verb "deflate" or phrases like "losing air."
×We are facing a deflation problem in our company sales.
✓We are facing a decline (or drop) in our company sales.
"Deflation" is a macroeconomic phenomenon affecting an entire economy, not a single company or product. For specific decreases, use words like "decline," "drop," "decrease," or "fall."
×The government's new policy caused deflation.
✓The government's new policy is aimed at combating deflation.
Policies are typically designed to *fight* or *prevent* deflation, not to cause it, as deflation is generally seen as a negative economic condition. The original sentence implies an intentional negative outcome.
×Inflation and deflation are same but opposite.
✓Inflation and deflation are opposite economic phenomena.
While they are opposites, they are not "the same but opposite." This phrasing is redundant and unclear. It's clearer to state they are opposite phenomena or trends.
×The deflation made everything cheaper.
✓Deflation led to lower prices overall.
Saying "made everything cheaper" is an oversimplification and informal for economic writing. More precise language is "led to a general fall/decline in prices" or "resulted in lower price levels."