1. to harm or break something, making it less good or useful
損壞，破壞
The storm damaged several houses in the village.
暴風雨損壞了村裡的好幾棟房屋。
Be careful not to damage the books.
小心別把書弄壞了。
Damage Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
damage
verb
快速理解
What does "Damage" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Damage"?
指對物體、名譽或健康等造成損害或破壞。
- 1
物理損壞
EN: to physically harm or break something, making it less useful or valuable.
翻譯: 對物體造成物理上的損害或破壞，使其效用或價值降低。
- 2
損害名譽或關係
EN: to harm someone's reputation, relationship, or chances of success.
翻譯: 損害某人的名譽、關係或成功的機會。
- 3
對健康造成傷害
EN: to have a harmful effect on a person's health or well-being.
翻譯: 對人的健康或福祉產生有害的影響。
小提醒：注意：作為動詞時，其後通常直接接名詞作受詞（damage something），而名詞形式也同樣是 'damage'，需根據上下文判斷詞性。
發音（How to Pronounce "Damage" in English）
How to pronounce "Damage" in English?"Damage" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Damage" from YouTube Videos
South Korea would accept Trump-Kim deal to freeze North Korea’s nuclear programme | BBC News
BBC News
“It's my responsibility to manage this so it doesn't damage our relationship. >> You're off to a meeting of the UN General Assembly.”
(1 out of 46)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Damage"?How does "Damage" change by context?
2. to have a negative effect on something, such as a reputation or relationship
損害（如名譽、關係等）
The scandal damaged the company's reputation.
這樁醜聞損害了公司的聲譽。
His constant criticism damaged their friendship.
他不斷的批評損害了他們的友誼。
3. to cause physical injury to a part of the body
損傷（身體部位）
He damaged his knee during the football match.
他在足球比賽中損傷了膝蓋。
Smoking can seriously damage your lungs.
吸菸會嚴重損傷你的肺部。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Damage"?How to make natural sentences with "Damage"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| damage + noun | 損壞（某物） | The storm damaged the roof. (暴風雨損壞了屋頂。) |
| be damaged + prepositional phrase | 因...而受損 | The car was damaged in the accident. (那輛車在事故中受損。) |
| damage + one's + noun (e.g., reputation, health) | 損害（某人的名譽、健康等） | The scandal damaged his reputation. (那樁醜聞損害了他的名譽。) |
| be severely/heavily damaged | 嚴重受損 | The building was severely damaged by the fire. (那棟建築因火災而嚴重受損。) |
| damage + noun + beyond repair | 損壞到無法修復 | The flood damaged the engine beyond repair. (洪水把引擎損壞到無法修復。) |
用法說明
How is "Damage" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Damage"?
damage doing vs damage to do
- damage doing 並非標準的英文文法結構。動詞 "damage" 通常不直接接動名詞 (V-ing) 來表示「損害做某事」這個動作。
- damage to do 是正確的結構，用來表示「（對某事物）造成損害」的意圖或潛在後果，其中 "to do" 是不定詞，說明損害的對象或結果。
- 常見的用法是 damage something 或 cause damage to something。當需要表達「做某事會造成損害」時，會使用 It would damage... to + V 或 Doing something would damage... 的句型。 EN: Using harsh chemicals will damage the paint to peel. 翻譯: 使用刺激性化學物質會損壞油漆，導致其剝落。
EN:It would damage the engine to run it without oil.
翻譯:在沒有機油的情況下運轉，會損壞引擎。
總結建議
建議避免使用 "damage doing"，正確表達「做某事會造成損害」時，應使用 "damage to + 名詞" 結構或 "It would damage... to + V" 的句型。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Damage" and similar words?How to choose "Damage" vs alternatives?
damage vs destroy
「damage」指造成損害或破壞，但物品通常仍存在或可修復；「destroy」則是完全摧毀或使其無法使用。
damage vs harm
「damage」通常用於具體的物理損壞或財產損失；「harm」則更廣泛，可指對健康、名譽或環境等造成的傷害。
damage vs spoil
「damage」側重於降低價值或功能的損壞；「spoil」常指因過度寵愛而慣壞某人，或用於食物變質、破壞興致等。
口語用法
How is "Damage" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Damage"?
引述
在轉述他人說法或表達間接影響時，常用「damage」來描述對名譽、關係等的損害。 EN: She was worried the rumors would damage his reputation. 翻譯: 她擔心那些謠言會損害他的名聲。
EN:He didn't want to do anything that might damage their friendship.
翻譯:他不想做任何可能損害他們友誼的事。
語氣強調
在口語中，常與「really」、「seriously」、「permanently」等副詞連用，以強調損害的程度或性質。 EN: The scandal really damaged the company's image. 翻譯: 那樁醜聞真的嚴重損害了公司的形象。
EN:Be careful, you could permanently damage the equipment.
翻譯:小心點，你可能會永久性地損壞這設備。
停頓填充
在思考或組織語句時，可能會用「...and that damages...」或「...what damages...」等結構作為過渡。 EN: The lack of communication, you know, that's what damages trust over time. 翻譯: 缺乏溝通，你知道的，那就是隨著時間推移會損害信任的東西。
EN:It creates a negative atmosphere, and that damages team morale.
翻譯:這會製造一種負面氛圍，而那會損害團隊的士氣。
正式寫作注意：在正式或學術寫作中，應避免使用過於口語化的強調詞（如「really」）或停頓填充結構。建議使用更精確的詞彙，如「severely compromise」、「undermine」、「impair」或「detrimental to」，並保持句子結構完整嚴謹。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Damage"?What fixed phrases with "Damage" should I remember?
damage something
damage + [noun]
損壞某物
be badly damaged
be + [adverb] + damaged
嚴重受損
damage one's reputation
damage + [possessive] + reputation
損害某人的名譽
cause damage
cause + damage
造成損害
sustain damage
sustain + damage
遭受損害
damage beyond repair
damage + beyond repair
損壞到無法修復
damage the environment
damage + the environment
破壞環境
damage control
damage control
損害控制；危機處理
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Damage"?Which "Damage" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×The car was damaged on the accident.
✓The car was damaged in the accident.
使用介系詞 'in' 來表示在事件或事故中受損，而非 'on'。
×The storm damaged to the roof.
✓The storm damaged the roof.
'damage' 是及物動詞，後面直接接受詞，不需要加 'to'。
×Smoking can damage for your health.
✓Smoking can damage your health.
'damage' 後面直接接受詞，表示損害的對象，不需要加 'for'。
×The fire caused a big damage to the factory.
✓The fire caused serious damage to the factory.
'damage' 作為名詞時，通常是不可數的。表示程度時，使用 'serious', 'severe', 'extensive', 'minor' 等形容詞，而非 'a big' 或 'a small'。
×I'm sorry I damaged your book. I will pay for the damages.
✓I'm sorry I damaged your book. I will pay for the damage.
指具體物品的損壞賠償時，通常用單數 'damage'。複數 'damages' 是法律術語，指「損害賠償金」。
×His reputation was damaging after the scandal.
✓His reputation was damaged after the scandal.
要表達「名譽受損」這個已完成的狀態，應使用被動語態 'was damaged'。'damaging' 是現在分詞或形容詞，意為「造成損害的」。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Damage"?What are tense/participle forms of "Damage"?
damages(3rd_singular)damaging(present_participle)damaged(past)damaged(past_participle)