皮質醇是一種由腎上腺分泌的類固醇激素，常被稱為「壓力荷爾蒙」。
主要生理功能
EN: A steroid hormone that regulates metabolism, immune response, and the body's stress response.
翻譯: 一種調節新陳代謝、免疫反應及身體壓力反應的類固醇激素。
與壓力的關聯
EN: Often called the "stress hormone" because its levels increase in response to physical or psychological stress.
翻譯: 常被稱為「壓力荷爾蒙」，因為其水平會在身體或心理面臨壓力時升高。
醫學檢測指標
EN: Measured in blood, urine, or saliva tests to diagnose conditions like Cushing's syndrome or adrenal insufficiency.
翻譯: 可透過血液、尿液或唾液檢測來診斷庫欣氏症候群或腎上腺功能不全等疾病。
過量與缺乏的影響
EN: Chronic high levels can lead to health problems, while low levels indicate adrenal issues.
翻譯: 長期水平過高可能導致健康問題，而水平過低則表示腎上腺功能異常。
小提醒：注意：cortisol 和 cortisone（可體松）是兩種不同的物質。Cortisol 是人體自然產生的激素，而 cortisone 常指人工合成的藥物。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Cortisol" from YouTube Videos
The hidden power of smiling | Ron Gutman
TED
“Smiling can help reduce the level of stress-enhancing hormones like cortisol, adrenaline and dopamine, increase the level of mood-enhancing hormones like endorphins, and reduce overall blood pressure.”
1. a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, often called the 'stress hormone'
一種由腎上腺皮質產生的類固醇激素，常被稱為「壓力荷爾蒙」
Chronic stress can lead to elevated levels of cortisol in the body.
長期壓力可能導致體內皮質醇水平升高。
Cortisol helps regulate metabolism and the body's response to stress.
皮質醇有助於調節新陳代謝和身體對壓力的反應。
2. a pharmaceutical preparation of this hormone used to treat inflammation and adrenal insufficiency
這種激素的藥物製劑，用於治療發炎和腎上腺功能不全
The doctor prescribed cortisol to reduce the severe inflammation.
醫生開了皮質醇來減輕嚴重的發炎。
Patients with Addison's disease often require cortisol replacement therapy.
愛迪生氏病的患者通常需要皮質醇替代療法。
3. a biomarker measured to assess stress levels or adrenal function
一種用於評估壓力水平或腎上腺功能的生物標記物
The saliva test measured her cortisol levels throughout the day.
唾液測試測量了她一天中的皮質醇水平。
Researchers are studying cortisol as an indicator of chronic stress in populations.
研究人員正在研究皮質醇作為人群慢性壓力指標的作用。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| cortisol + noun | 皮質醇 + 名詞 | High cortisol levels can disrupt sleep. (高皮質醇水平會干擾睡眠。) |
| cortisol + is + adjective | 皮質醇 + 是 + 形容詞 | Cortisol is essential for the body's stress response. (皮質醇對身體的壓力反應至關重要。) |
| verb + cortisol | 動詞 + 皮質醇 | The adrenal glands produce cortisol. (腎上腺會產生皮質醇。) |
| adjective + cortisol | 形容詞 + 皮質醇 | Chronic stress leads to elevated cortisol. (慢性壓力會導致皮質醇升高。) |
| cortisol + in + noun phrase | 皮質醇 + 在...中 | The role of cortisol in metabolism is complex. (皮質醇在新陳代謝中的作用很複雜。) |
對比例句： EN: The test showed her cortisol level was within the normal range. 翻譯: 檢測顯示她的皮質醇水平在正常範圍內。
EN:Chronic stress can lead to elevated cortisol levels over time.
翻譯:長期壓力會導致皮質醇水平隨著時間升高。
一般描述生理狀態或變化趨勢時使用複數 levels，特指單一檢測數值時則用單數 level。
cortisol vs adrenaline
皮質醇是長期壓力荷爾蒙，主要調節代謝與免疫；腎上腺素是急性壓力荷爾蒙，負責戰鬥或逃跑反應。
cortisol vs cortisone
皮質醇是人體自然產生的荷爾蒙；可體松是人工合成的藥物，常用於消炎。
cortisol vs DHEA
皮質醇是分解代謝荷爾蒙，消耗能量應對壓力；DHEA是合成代謝荷爾蒙，促進修復與活力。
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人（如醫生、專家）的解釋時，常會用到這個詞。 EN: My doctor said my cortisol levels were through the roof because of stress. 翻譯: 我的醫生說我的皮質醇水平因為壓力而飆升。
EN:I read an article that explained how cortisol affects your sleep cycle.
翻譯:我讀到一篇文章解釋皮質醇如何影響你的睡眠週期。
在非正式對話中，會用這個詞來強調壓力或生理狀態的嚴重性，語氣通常較為誇張或感嘆。 EN: Ugh, I can feel the cortisol pumping through my veins right now. 翻譯: 唉，我現在都能感覺到皮質醇在我血管裡奔騰了。
EN:All this overtime is just a cortisol factory for my body.
翻譯:這些加班簡直就是我身體的皮質醇製造工廠。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，可能會用這個較專業的詞作為短暫停頓的一部分，顯示說話者正在思考一個複雜概念。 EN: The issue is... cortisol, I think it's called, that stress hormone. 翻譯: 問題是...皮質醇，我想是叫這個吧，就是那種壓力荷爾蒙。
EN:My energy crash in the afternoon might be linked to... what's the word... cortisol rhythms.
翻譯:我下午的精力崩潰可能跟...那個詞叫什麼來著...皮質醇節律有關。
正式寫作注意：在學術或正式醫學報告中，應避免上述口語化、誇張或填充停頓的用法，需以精確、客觀的語言描述皮質醇的功能與水平。
cortisol levels
noun phrase
皮質醇水平
release cortisol
verb + noun
釋放皮質醇
cortisol response
noun phrase
皮質醇反應
high cortisol
adjective + noun
高皮質醇
cortisol production
noun phrase
皮質醇生成
cortisol rush
noun phrase
皮質醇激增
lower cortisol
verb + noun
降低皮質醇
cortisol test
noun phrase
皮質醇檢測
×My cortisol level is high because I am so cortisol.
✓My cortisol level is high because I am so stressed.
Cortisol is a noun (a hormone), not an adjective. Use adjectives like 'stressed', 'anxious', or 'under pressure' to describe the state causing high cortisol.
×I need to reduce my cortisol.
✓I need to reduce my cortisol levels.
Cortisol is the substance itself. When discussing its amount or concentration in the body, you should use 'cortisol levels' or 'cortisol production'.
×Cortisol is a bad hormone we should eliminate.
✓Cortisol is a vital hormone, but chronic elevation is harmful.
Cortisol is essential for life (regulating metabolism, immune response, stress). The problem is its chronic overproduction, not the hormone itself. Avoid absolute negative statements.
×The doctor tested my cortisol.
✓The doctor tested my cortisol level. / The doctor ordered a cortisol test.
While informally understood, the more precise collocation is 'test cortisol levels' or 'run a cortisol test'. 'Test my cortisol' sounds like testing the substance's purity, not its level in your body.
×Too much cortisol causes to gain weight.
✓Too much cortisol can lead to weight gain.
The verb pattern is wrong. Use 'causes weight gain', 'leads to weight gain', or 'contributes to weight gain'.
×Adrenaline and cortisol are same.
✓Adrenaline and cortisol are both stress hormones, but they are different.
They are distinct hormones with different functions and release timelines. Use 'both' to group them under a category, but clarify they are not the same thing.