1. a failure of a machine or system to function
（機器或系統的）故障，失靈
We had a breakdown on the highway and had to call for a tow truck.
我們的車在高速公路上拋錨了，不得不打電話叫拖吊車。
The power breakdown lasted for several hours.
這次停電持續了好幾個小時。
Breakdown Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
breakdown
noun
快速理解
What does "Breakdown" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Breakdown"?
「breakdown」主要指事物停止運作、分解或精神崩潰的狀態。
- 1
故障/停止運作
EN: a mechanical failure or cessation of function
翻譯: 指機器、車輛或系統發生故障、停止正常運作。
- 2
分解/細分
EN: a detailed analysis or division into parts
翻譯: 將複雜的整體（如數據、報告、成本）分解成更小的部分以便分析。
- 3
精神崩潰
EN: a sudden collapse in mental health or emotional control
翻譯: 指因壓力、悲傷等導致情緒失控或精神健康突然惡化的狀態。
- 4
關係破裂/談判失敗
EN: a failure or collapse of communication or negotiations
翻譯: 指對話、關係或談判因分歧而徹底失敗或中斷。
小提醒：注意「breakdown」和「break down」的區別：前者是名詞（故障/崩潰），後者是動詞短語（使故障/崩潰）。例如：「The car had a breakdown」（車子故障了） vs. 「The car broke down」（車子壞了）。
發音（How to Pronounce "Breakdown" in English）
How to pronounce "Breakdown" in English?"Breakdown" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Breakdown" from YouTube Videos
Jonathan Harris: The Web's secret stories
TED
“We can also get a gender breakdown And we see that women are slightly more prolific talking about their emotions in the last few hours than men.”
(1 out of 8)
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Breakdown"?How does "Breakdown" change by context?
2. a detailed analysis or classification of something into parts
（對某事物的）詳細分析，細目分類
Can you give me a breakdown of the costs involved in the project?
你能給我一份這個項目所涉及費用的細目分類嗎？
The report includes a breakdown of sales by region.
這份報告包含了按地區劃分的銷售額細目分析。
3. a sudden collapse in someone's mental or physical health
（精神或身體健康的）崩潰
The stress of the job eventually led to her nervous breakdown.
工作的壓力最終導致了她的精神崩潰。
He suffered a complete physical breakdown after months of overwork.
在數月的過度勞累後，他的身體完全垮了。
4. the process of something decaying or decomposing
分解；腐爛
The breakdown of organic matter is essential for soil health.
有機物的分解對土壤健康至關重要。
Enzymes are involved in the breakdown of food in our digestive system.
酶參與了我們消化系統中食物的分解過程。
5. a failure of a relationship, discussion, or system of communication
（關係、談判或溝通系統的）破裂，失敗
The breakdown in negotiations led to the strike.
談判破裂導致了罷工。
There has been a complete breakdown of trust between the two parties.
雙方之間的信任已完全破裂。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Breakdown"?How to make natural sentences with "Breakdown"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| breakdown + of + [something] | （對某事物的）詳細分析、分類 | The report provides a detailed breakdown of the company's annual expenses. (這份報告提供了公司年度開支的詳細分類。) |
| breakdown + in + [communication/negotiations/etc.] | （溝通、談判等的）破裂、中斷 | The project failed due to a complete breakdown in communication between departments. (該專案失敗是因為部門間的溝通完全破裂。) |
| breakdown + of + [machine/system] | （機器、系統的）故障、停止運轉 | We experienced a sudden breakdown of the server during peak hours. (我們在高峰時段遭遇了伺服器突然故障。) |
| have/experience/suffer a breakdown | 發生故障；精神崩潰 | After years of stress, he finally suffered a nervous breakdown. (在多年的壓力之後，他終於精神崩潰了。) |
| mental/emotional/nervous breakdown | 精神/情緒/神經崩潰 | She took a leave of absence after having an emotional breakdown. (她在情緒崩潰後請了假。) |
用法說明
How is "Breakdown" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Breakdown"?
breakdown vs. break down
- breakdown 是名詞，指一個系統、機器、關係或心智狀態的「故障、崩潰、分析或細目分類」。
- break down 是動詞片語（動詞 + 副詞），指「（機器）故障」、「（談判）破裂」、「（情緒）失控」或「分解（物質）」的動作過程。
- 簡單區分：breakdown 是「崩潰的狀態或結果」；break down 是「正在崩潰或導致崩潰的動作」。
對比例句： EN: The car had a complete breakdown on the highway. 翻譯: 那輛車在高速公路上完全拋錨了。
EN:My car tends to break down in cold weather.
翻譯:我的車在寒冷天氣裡容易故障。
EN:She suffered a nervous breakdown after the incident.
翻譯:那次事件後，她精神崩潰了。
EN:He started to break down when he heard the sad news.
翻譯:聽到這個悲傷的消息時，他開始情緒失控。
總結建議
使用時，請根據句子中需要的詞性（名詞或動詞）來選擇使用 breakdown 或 break down。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Breakdown" and similar words?How to choose "Breakdown" vs alternatives?
breakdown vs break up
「breakdown」通常指機械故障、系統崩潰或精神崩潰等狀態；「break up」則指關係結束、會議解散或物體碎裂成小塊。
breakdown vs collapse
「breakdown」常指功能性的故障或精神崩潰；「collapse」則更常指物理結構的倒塌或系統的突然徹底失敗。
breakdown vs analysis
「breakdown」作為「分析」時，強調將整體分解成細項的清單或列表；「analysis」則泛指更廣泛、深入的整體性分析過程或結果。
口語用法
How is "Breakdown" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Breakdown"?
引述
在口語中，常用來引述或總結一個複雜的狀況，使其更容易理解。 EN: So the breakdown of the problem is: first, the budget, then the timeline. 翻譯: 所以問題的 breakdown 是：首先是預算，然後是時間表。
EN:Here's the breakdown of what happened at the meeting.
翻譯:這是會議上發生的事情的 breakdown。
語氣強調
用來強調情況的嚴重性或徹底性，常與 "complete"、"total" 連用。 EN: After the argument, there was a complete breakdown in communication. 翻譯: 爭吵之後，溝通完全 breakdown 了。
EN:I'm having a total mental breakdown trying to figure this out.
翻譯:我試圖搞清楚這件事，簡直要 total mental breakdown 了。
停頓填充
在思考或組織想法時，作為一個短暫的停頓點，引出後續的詳細說明。 EN: The issue... let me give you a breakdown... it's mostly about resources. 翻譯: 這個問題...讓我給你一個 breakdown...主要是關於資源。
EN:My schedule is — okay, quick breakdown — packed until Friday.
翻譯:我的行程是——好吧，quick breakdown——排到週五都滿了。
正式寫作注意：在正式報告或學術寫作中，應避免將 "breakdown" 用於過於口語化的停頓填充，並優先使用更精確的術語如 "analysis"、"categorization" 或 "failure" 來替代口語中的泛指用法。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Breakdown"?What fixed phrases with "Breakdown" should I remember?
nervous breakdown
adjective + breakdown
精神崩潰
breakdown of communication
breakdown of + noun
溝通失敗/中斷
give someone a breakdown
verb + someone + a breakdown
向某人詳細說明/分析
mechanical breakdown
adjective + breakdown
機械故障
breakdown lane
breakdown + noun
故障車道（路肩）
cost breakdown
noun + breakdown
成本分析/細目
family breakdown
noun + breakdown
家庭破裂
suffer a breakdown
verb + a breakdown
遭受崩潰/故障
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Breakdown"?Which "Breakdown" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×I had a mental breakdown yesterday.
✓I had a nervous breakdown yesterday.
雖然 'mental breakdown' 在口語中偶爾出現，但標準且常見的醫學/日常用語是 'nervous breakdown'，指精神崩潰。'breakdown' 單獨使用時，更常指機械故障或關係破裂。
×Please give me a breakdown of the costs.
✓Please give me a breakdown of the costs.
此句文法正確，但學習者常誤解 'breakdown' 在此為動詞。此處 'breakdown' 是名詞，意為「細目分類、分析」。常見錯誤是將其誤用為動詞，如 'Please breakdown the costs.'，這是錯誤的。動詞是 'break down'（分開寫）。
×The breakdown of the car was because of the engine.
✓The car's breakdown was due to engine failure. / The car broke down because of engine trouble.
'breakdown' 作為名詞，指「故障」這件事本身，而非故障的「原因」。原句語意不清且不自然。應明確指出故障的具體原因（如 engine failure），或改用動詞短語 'broke down' 來描述事件。
×There was a breakdown between the two countries.
✓There was a breakdown in communications/diplomatic relations between the two countries.
'breakdown' 指系統、關係、談判、溝通等的「破裂、中斷」。使用時需具體說明是哪方面的破裂（如 in communications, in negotiations），不能單獨與 'between' 連用而不指明破裂的對象。
×I need a chemical breakdown for this substance.
✓I need a chemical analysis of this substance. / I need the chemical composition of this substance.
在科學或化學語境中，'breakdown' 通常指「分解過程」（如 chemical breakdown of plastics），而非「分析結果」或「成分」。表示「分析結果」應用 'analysis'，表示「成分」應用 'composition'。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Breakdown"?What are tense/participle forms of "Breakdown"?