指因疾病、創傷或心理因素導致的記憶喪失。
醫學症狀
EN: A medical condition involving partial or total memory loss.
翻譯: 一種涉及部分或完全記憶喪失的醫學症狀。
創傷性失憶
EN: Loss of memory caused by brain injury or severe psychological trauma.
翻譯: 由腦損傷或嚴重心理創傷引起的記憶喪失。
選擇性遺忘
EN: A gap in memory for a specific event or period, often for psychological reasons.
翻譯: 對特定事件或時期的記憶空白，通常出於心理原因。
比喻用法
EN: A state of forgetfulness or lack of awareness about something.
翻譯: 指對某事的遺忘或缺乏意識的狀態。
小提醒：注意：amnesia 主要指醫學或心理上的『記憶喪失』，而非日常的健忘（forgetfulness）。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Amnesia" from YouTube Videos
Nina Tandon: Could tissue engineering mean personalized medicine?
TED
“So they're skin cells that can be tricked, kind of like cellular amnesia, into an embryonic state, So without the controversy.”
1. a medical condition in which a person loses their memory, often due to brain injury, illness, or psychological trauma
一種因腦部損傷、疾病或心理創傷而導致記憶喪失的醫學狀況
The car accident caused him to suffer from temporary amnesia.
那場車禍導致他患上了暫時性失憶症。
Doctors are studying the effects of the drug on patients with amnesia.
醫生正在研究這種藥物對失憶症患者的影響。
2. a gap in one's memory about a specific event or period, often due to psychological reasons
對特定事件或時期出現的記憶空白，通常出於心理原因
She has complete amnesia about the events of that traumatic night.
她對那個創傷性夜晚發生的事情完全失憶。
His amnesia regarding his childhood suggests possible repressed memories.
他對童年時期的失憶暗示可能存在被壓抑的記憶。
3. a state of forgetfulness or disregard, especially regarding something unpleasant or inconvenient
一種遺忘或忽視的狀態，尤指對不愉快或不方便的事情
The nation seems to have a collective amnesia about its colonial past.
這個國家似乎對其殖民歷史有一種集體失憶。
Convenient amnesia often sets in when people are asked about their mistakes.
當人們被問及自己的錯誤時，常常會出現選擇性失憶。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| suffer from amnesia | 患上失憶症 | After the accident, he suffered from amnesia and couldn't remember his own name. (事故後，他患上了失憶症，連自己的名字都記不起來。) |
| a case of amnesia | 一例失憶症 | The doctor documented a rare case of amnesia caused by psychological trauma. (醫生記錄了一例由心理創傷引起的罕見失憶症。) |
| total/complete amnesia | 完全失憶 | The patient experienced total amnesia, forgetting all personal history. (病人經歷了完全失憶，忘記了所有個人歷史。) |
| selective amnesia | 選擇性失憶 | She seemed to have selective amnesia about the embarrassing events of that night. (她似乎對那晚的尷尬事件有選擇性失憶。) |
| amnesia about/regarding + noun | 關於…的失憶 | He has amnesia regarding the entire week leading up to the incident. (他對事發前整整一週的記憶都失憶了。) |
| experience amnesia | 經歷失憶 | The character in the movie experiences amnesia and must rediscover his past. (電影中的角色經歷了失憶，必須重新發現他的過去。) |
| amnesia sets in | 失憶症發作 | After the shock, amnesia set in, erasing her memories of the traumatic event. (震驚過後，失憶症發作，抹去了她對創傷事件的記憶。) |
amnesia about + V-ing，通常指對一個已發生的具體行動或事件過程失去記憶。amnesia about + N.，這個「某事」可以是一個事實、一段時期或一個整體概念。對比範例： EN: He claims to have complete amnesia about committing the crime. 翻譯: 他聲稱對犯下罪行這件事完全失憶。
EN:He claims to have complete amnesia about the crime.
翻譯:他聲稱對那起犯罪事件完全失憶。
在描述對「執行某個動作」失憶時，使用 amnesia about doing 會比 amnesia about something 更為精確。
amnesia vs forgetfulness
amnesia 指因疾病或創傷導致的嚴重記憶喪失，通常是醫學上的診斷；forgetfulness 則指日常的健忘或記性差，程度較輕。
amnesia vs dementia
amnesia 主要症狀為記憶喪失；dementia（失智症）是更廣泛的認知功能退化，包含記憶、思考、行為等多方面問題。
amnesia vs blackout
amnesia 是持續性的記憶喪失狀態；blackout 通常指因酒精、藥物或極度壓力導致的暫時性、片段性記憶空白。
在對話中，人們有時會用「amnesia」來幽默或諷刺地描述他人（或自己）忘記了某件重要或明顯的事情。 EN: "Oh, so you forgot our anniversary? Must be a sudden case of amnesia." 翻譯: 「哦，所以你忘了我們的紀念日？一定是突然得了失憶症。」
EN:"He claims he has no memory of saying that. Convenient amnesia, I'd say."
翻譯:「他聲稱完全不記得說過那些話。我看是選擇性失憶吧。」
「amnesia」可以用來誇張地強調記憶完全空白或資訊完全遺失的狀態，通常帶有戲劇化效果。 EN: "After that crazy night, I woke up with total amnesia about how I got home." 翻譯: 「經過那個瘋狂的夜晚後，我醒來時對自己怎麼回家的完全失憶。」
EN:"The system crash caused complete data amnesia. We lost everything from the past hour."
翻譯:「系統當機造成了完全的資料失憶。我們過去一小時的資料全沒了。」
在非正式對話中，說話者可能會用「amnesia」作為一個短暫的停頓或思考工具，來引出一個他們「假裝忘記」或「突然想起」的點子。 EN: "What was I going to say... oh right, amnesia moment over, it's about the meeting tomorrow." 翻譯: 「我剛剛要說什麼來著…哦對了，失憶時刻結束，是關於明天的會議。」
EN:"Wait, let me think... amnesia... no, it's coming back to me, you need to call the bank first."
翻譯:「等等，讓我想想…失憶了…不對，我想起來了，你得先打電話給銀行。」
正式寫作注意：在學術、醫學或正式報告中，應避免將「amnesia」用於上述口語、比喻或幽默的語境。正式文書中，此詞應嚴格用於描述臨床上的記憶喪失症狀，或作為一個精確的專業術語使用。
suffer from amnesia
verb + from + amnesia
罹患失憶症
total amnesia
adjective + amnesia
完全失憶
retrograde amnesia
adjective + amnesia
逆行性失憶症
anterograde amnesia
adjective + amnesia
順行性失憶症
drug-induced amnesia
adjective + amnesia
藥物誘發的失憶
experience amnesia
verb + amnesia
經歷失憶
selective amnesia
adjective + amnesia
選擇性失憶
sudden onset of amnesia
adjective + noun + of + amnesia
失憶症突然發作
×He has amnesia about his childhood.
✓He has amnesia regarding his childhood.
使用 "about" 來描述遺忘的內容較不自然。"amnesia" 通常與 "regarding", "concerning", "for", 或 "about" 搭配，但 "regarding/concerning" 更正式且常見於書面語。口語中也可用 "about"，但 "regarding" 是更精準的搭配。
×She suffered from an amnesia after the shock.
✓She suffered from amnesia after the shock.
"Amnesia" 通常是不可數名詞，前面不加不定冠詞 "a/an"。它指的是一種狀態或狀況，而非可數的個體。
×I amnesiad the entire conversation.
✓I forgot the entire conversation. / I have no memory of the entire conversation.
"Amnesia" 是名詞，沒有動詞形式。不能將其當作動詞使用。要表達「遺忘」，應使用 "forget" 或 "have no memory of" 等動詞片語。
×He is an amnesia.
✓He is an amnesia patient/sufferer. / He has amnesia.
"Amnesia" 指的是疾病或症狀本身，而不是患病的人。描述患者時，應說 "a person with amnesia", "an amnesia patient/sufferer"，或使用動詞結構 "He has amnesia"。
×Sorry, I have a bit of amnesia. What's your name again?
✓Sorry, I have a bit of a memory lapse. / Sorry, I forgot. What's your name again?
"Amnesia" 是嚴重的醫學或心理狀況，指大範圍或完全的記憶喪失。不應用來描述日常的健忘或一時想不起來。日常輕微的遺忘應使用 "forget", "have a memory lapse", 或 "slip one's mind"。