1. to wear away or scrape the surface of something by friction
通過摩擦磨損或刮擦某物的表面
The rough sandpaper will abrade the wood quickly.
粗糙的砂紙會快速磨損木頭。
Constant friction from the rope abraded the skin on his hands.
繩子持續的摩擦磨破了他手上的皮膚。
Abrade Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
abrade
verb
快速理解
What does "Abrade" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Abrade"?
指透過摩擦使表面受損或磨損。
- 1
物理磨損
EN: to wear away a surface by friction
翻譯: 透過摩擦使表面磨損。
- 2
刮傷皮膚
EN: to scrape or graze the skin
翻譯: 刮傷或擦破皮膚。
- 3
比喻性耗損
EN: to wear down emotionally or mentally
翻譯: 在情緒或精神上逐漸耗損。
小提醒：「abrade」主要指物理性的磨損，但也可用於比喻精神上的消耗，使用時需注意上下文。
發音（How to Pronounce "Abrade" in English）
How to pronounce "Abrade" in English?"Abrade" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Abrade" from YouTube Videos
暫無 YouTube 示例，重新生成該詞頁可自動補上 1 條。
Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Abrade"?How does "Abrade" change by context?
2. to irritate or wear down emotionally or mentally
在情感或精神上激怒或消磨
His constant criticism began to abrade her confidence.
他不斷的批評開始消磨她的自信。
The daily stress of the job abraded his patience.
工作的日常壓力消磨了他的耐心。
3. to become worn or scraped by friction
因摩擦而變得磨損或被刮擦
The rock face had abraded over centuries of wind and water.
經過數世紀風吹水蝕，岩面已經磨損了。
The fabric on the armrest is starting to abrade.
扶手處的布料開始磨損了。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Abrade"?How to make natural sentences with "Abrade"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| abrade + [surface/material] | 磨損（某表面或材料） | The rough sandpaper will abrade the wood. (粗糙的砂紙會磨損木頭。) |
| be abraded + [prepositional phrase] | 被磨損（於某處或透過某方式） | The car's paint was abraded by the gravel road. (汽車的烤漆被碎石路磨損了。) |
| abrade + [something] + away/off | 將（某物）磨掉、磨除 | The constant friction abraded the protective coating away. (持續的摩擦將保護塗層磨掉了。) |
用法說明
How is "Abrade" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Abrade"?
abrade vs. get abraded
- abrade 是及物動詞，表示「（主動地）磨損、擦傷」某物，強調動作的執行。
- get abraded 或 be abraded 是被動形式，表示「（被）磨損、擦傷」，強調物體承受的結果或狀態。
- 當主語是造成磨損的物體（如砂紙、粗糙表面）或主動施事者時，使用主動語態 abrade。
- 當主語是承受磨損的物體（如皮膚、金屬表面）時，通常使用被動語態 get/be abraded。 EN: The coarse sandpaper will abrade the surface of the wood. 翻譯: 粗砂紙會磨損木頭的表面。
EN:The skin on his knees got abraded when he fell on the pavement.
翻譯:他摔在人行道上時，膝蓋的皮膚被擦傷了。
總結建議
描述主動磨損過程時用「abrade」，描述被磨損的結果時用「get/be abraded」。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Abrade" and similar words?How to choose "Abrade" vs alternatives?
abrade vs scrape
「abrade」強調因持續摩擦而磨損表面，過程較為緩慢；「scrape」則指用硬物刮擦，動作較為直接且可能一次性完成。
abrade vs erode
「abrade」通常指由外力（如摩擦）造成的機械性磨損；「erode」則常指由自然力（如水、酸）造成的化學性或漸進性侵蝕。
abrade vs wear down
「abrade」專指磨損物體表面；「wear down」含義更廣，可指磨損實體，也可比喻使人精力耗盡或決心減弱。
口語用法
How is "Abrade" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Abrade"?
引述
在轉述他人說法或描述一個常見情況時，會用這個詞來表達「磨損」或「消耗」的概念。 EN: He kept saying the constant criticism would abrade anyone's confidence over time. 翻譯: 他一直說，持續的批評久而久之會磨損任何人的自信心。
EN:You know how they say daily chores can abrade your enthusiasm for the weekend?
翻譯:你知道他們常說，日常瑣事會消磨你對週末的熱情嗎？
語氣強調
用於強調某事物正在或已經造成明顯的物理或情感上的磨損，語氣較強。 EN: This cheap fabric just abrades my skin—it's so uncomfortable! 翻譯: 這種廉價的布料就是會磨我的皮膚——非常不舒服！
EN:Their constant arguing is really starting to abrade our team spirit.
翻譯:他們不斷爭吵，真的開始嚴重磨損我們的團隊精神了。
停頓填充
在思考如何描述一個漸進的負面影響時，可能用它作為填充詞，帶點誇張或比喻的意味。 EN: The whole situation just... abrades, you know? It wears you down bit by bit. 翻譯: 整個情況就是... 磨人，你懂嗎？它一點一點地消耗你。
EN:It's not a sudden break, more like... it abrades the relationship over years.
翻譯:這不是突然的破裂，更像是... 它經年累月地磨損了這段關係。
正式寫作注意：在正式或學術寫作中（如報告、論文），建議使用更精確或正式的替代詞，例如 "wear down"、"erode"、"corrode" 或 "deteriorate"，以符合文體要求。"abrade" 在口語中雖可理解，但在正式書寫中可能顯得略帶隨意或過於具體（偏物理磨損）。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Abrade"?What fixed phrases with "Abrade" should I remember?
abrade the surface
abrade [surface/material]
磨損表面
abrade against
abrade against [object]
與...摩擦而磨損
abrade the skin
abrade [body part]
擦傷皮膚
abrade away
abrade away
逐漸磨掉
abrade the finish
abrade [coating/finish]
磨損塗層/光澤
easily abrade
[adverb] abrade
容易磨損
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Abrade"?Which "Abrade" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×The wind abraded the paint.
✓The wind abraded the paint off the wall.
"Abrade" 通常需要明確指出磨損的物體表面或部位，單獨使用 "the paint" 不夠具體。應加上 "off the wall" 或 "from the surface" 等片語，說明從何處被磨損。
×His harsh words abraded her feelings.
✓His harsh words hurt her feelings.
"Abrade" 主要用於描述物理上的磨損、擦傷，不適用於比喻情感或心理上的傷害。描述言語傷害應使用 "hurt", "offend", "upset" 等動詞。
×I will abrade the rust.
✓I will sand off the rust. / I will remove the rust by abrasion.
"Abrade" 描述的是磨損的過程或結果，而非一個有意的、工具性的動作。當主語是人且有明確目的（如除鏽）時，使用 "sand off", "scrape off", "grind away" 等更自然。"Abrasion" 是名詞，可用於描述方法。
×The situation abraded.
✓The situation deteriorated. / The situation became tense.
"Abrade" 是及物動詞，必須有賓語。它不能像 "deteriorate" 或 "worsen" 那樣作為不及物動詞使用。描述情況惡化或關係緊張，應使用其他更合適的動詞。
×She felt abraded by the criticism.
✓She felt irritated/annoyed/vexed by the criticism.
"Abrade" 的過去分詞 "abraded" 不能用作形容詞來描述人的感受。雖然偶有文學性的比喻用法，但對學習者而言，使用 "irritated", "annoyed", "rubbed the wrong way" 更為標準和安全。
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Abrade"?What are tense/participle forms of "Abrade"?
abrades(3rd_singular)abrading(present_participle)abraded(past)abraded(past_participle)