1. to fail to do something required, especially to fail to pay a debt
未能履行義務(尤指未能償還債務)
He defaulted on his student loan payments.
他拖欠了學生貸款還款。
If you default on the mortgage, the bank can repossess your house.
如果你拖欠房貸,銀行可以收回你的房子。
「default」作為動詞,主要指因未履行義務而導致失敗或自動採用預設選項。
未能履行義務
EN: to fail to pay a debt or meet an obligation
翻譯: 未能償還債務或履行義務
自動採用預設值
EN: to revert to a preset option automatically
翻譯: 自動恢復到預先設定的選項
因缺席而判輸
EN: to lose a contest by failing to appear
翻譯: 因未能出場而輸掉比賽
小提醒:注意「default on」的用法,如「default on a loan」(貸款違約),這裡的「on」是固定搭配,表示針對某項具體義務的違約。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Default" from YouTube Videos
Dalton Caldwell's Whale AMA
Y Combinator
“the null hypothesis is that this didn't work and that you should assume by default that's what's going to happen and it's your job, with the time that you're given to prove otherwise.”
1. to fail to do something required, especially to fail to pay a debt
未能履行義務(尤指未能償還債務)
He defaulted on his student loan payments.
他拖欠了學生貸款還款。
If you default on the mortgage, the bank can repossess your house.
如果你拖欠房貸,銀行可以收回你的房子。
2. to fail to appear or participate, especially in a competition or legal proceeding
未能出席或參加(尤指比賽或法律程序)
The tennis player defaulted the match due to injury.
那位網球選手因傷退賽。
The defendant defaulted and a judgment was entered against him.
被告未出庭,法庭作出了對他不利的判決。
3. to automatically revert to a pre-selected option when no other choice is made
(未作選擇時)自動恢復為預設選項
The software will default to the standard settings if you don't customize it.
如果你不進行自訂,軟體將恢復為標準設定。
The browser defaults to opening new pages in a tab.
瀏覽器預設在新分頁中開啟網頁。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| default on + noun (e.g., loan, payment) | 拖欠(貸款、款項等) | The company defaulted on its loan. (該公司拖欠了貸款。) |
| default to + noun/gerund | 預設為…;在沒有選擇時轉為… | If you don't select an option, the system defaults to "Standard Mode." (如果你不選擇,系統將預設為「標準模式」。) |
| default to + V-ing | 預設會(做某事) | The application defaults to saving files in the Documents folder. (這個應用程式預設會將檔案儲存在「文件」資料夾中。) |
| default on + one's obligations/debt | 未履行義務/債務 | He defaulted on his child support obligations. (他未履行支付子女撫養費的義務。) |
EN:The software defaults to opening files in read-only mode for security.
翻譯:為了安全起見,該軟體預設以唯讀模式開啟檔案。
在表達預設行為時,應使用 "default to + 名詞/動名詞 (doing)" 的結構,避免使用 "default to do"。
default vs fail
「default」強調因未履行義務(如還款)而觸發的結果狀態;「fail」則泛指任何未達到標準、未成功或停止運作的情況,範圍更廣。
default vs neglect
「default」指未履行特定契約或法律義務(尤指財務);「neglect」則強調因疏忽、未給予應有關注而未能做到某事,常帶有責備意味。
default vs breach
兩者都涉及違反義務,但「default」特指未履行付款等財務義務;「breach」範圍更廣,指違反任何條款、法律或信任。
在對話中,當引述或轉述他人未履行承諾或義務時,常用來表達失望或指責。 EN: He said he'd help, but he defaulted on his promise. 翻譯: 他說他會幫忙,但最後卻食言了。
EN:Everyone agreed to pay their share, but a few people defaulted.
翻譯:大家都同意分攤費用,但有幾個人最後沒付錢。
用於強調某人或某事物未能達到預期標準或基本要求,帶有強烈的負面評價意味。 EN: When it comes to customer service, that company completely defaults. 翻譯: 說到客戶服務,那家公司完全不及格。
EN:Don't default on your responsibilities just because it's difficult.
翻譯:別因為困難就逃避你的責任。
在思考或組織語句時,作為一個短暫的停頓填充詞,通常接在「if」或「when」之後,表示「如果沒做到...」的假設情況。 EN: The plan is to meet at six, if you default... we'll just start without you. 翻譯: 計畫是六點見,如果你沒來...我們就不等你了。
EN:We expect payment by Friday, and if you default... there will be late fees.
翻譯:我們期望週五前收到款項,如果你拖欠...就會產生滯納金。
正式書寫注意:在正式或學術寫作中,應避免將 "default" 用作口語中的停頓填充詞或過於隨意的指責。建議使用更精確的詞彙,如 "fail to fulfill"、"neglect" 或 "be in arrears",以符合文體的嚴謹性。
default on
default on [loan/debt/payment]
未能償還(貸款、債務、款項)
default to
default to [something]
預設為;自動選擇或恢復為(某種狀態或選項)
in default
be in default (on/of)
處於違約狀態;未能履行(義務、付款)
default setting
default setting
預設設定
default option
default option
預設選項;自動選擇的選項
default judgment
default judgment
缺席判決(因被告未出庭或未答辯而做出的判決)
by default
by default
由於缺乏其他選擇;預設地;自動地
×He defaulted to pay the loan.
✓He defaulted on the loan.
動詞 "default" 作為「違約、拖欠」時,固定搭配介系詞 "on",後面接債務、貸款或義務,而不是不定詞 "to pay"。
×The software defaults the standard settings.
✓The software defaults to the standard settings.
當 "default" 作為動詞表示「預設為、自動選擇」時,是不及物動詞,需要介系詞 "to" 來引導預設的選項或狀態。
×I will default choose the first option.
✓I will default to the first option.
"Default" 是動詞,不能當作副詞修飾另一個動詞 "choose"。正確用法是 "default to + 名詞" 表示「預設選擇某物」。
×She was defaulted from the competition.
✓She defaulted / She was disqualified from the competition by default.
被動語態 "was defaulted" 不常用來表示「因棄權/未出賽而被判輸」。更自然的說法是主動語態 "defaulted" 或用名詞 "by default" 來表達因對手缺席而獲勝。表示「被取消資格」應用 "disqualified"。
×The contract will default next month.
✓The contract will be in default next month. / The borrower will default on the contract next month.
"Default" 作為動詞時,主語通常是違約的「人或機構」,而不是「合同」本身。合同是「處於違約狀態」(be in default)。