「conviction」主要有「堅定信念」和「定罪」兩個核心含義。
堅定的信念
EN: a strong belief or opinion
翻譯: 堅定的信念或看法
深信不疑
EN: the feeling of being sure that something is true or right
翻譯: 確信某事為真或正確的感覺
定罪
EN: the act of finding someone guilty of a crime in a court of law
翻譯: 在法庭上判定某人有罪的行為
有罪判決
EN: the state of being found guilty of a crime
翻譯: 被判定有罪的狀態
小提醒：注意區分「conviction」（信念/定罪）和「convention」（慣例/大會），兩者拼寫相似但意思完全不同。
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Real-life Examples of "Conviction" from YouTube Videos
Ben Cameron: The true power of the performing arts
TED
“the concert hall or on the stage, but most frequently around women's rights or human rights, or on global warming issues or AIDS relief for more -- not out of economic necessity, but out of a deep organic conviction that the work that she or he is called to do cannot be accomplished in the traditional hermetic arts environment.”
1. a formal declaration that someone is guilty of a criminal offense, made by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law
（法庭的）定罪，判罪
He has a previous conviction for theft.
他之前有盜竊罪的定罪紀錄。
The evidence led to his conviction for fraud.
證據導致他被判犯有詐欺罪。
2. a firmly held belief or opinion
堅定的信念，深信
She spoke with great conviction about the importance of education.
她以堅定的信念談論教育的重要性。
It is my personal conviction that honesty is always the best policy.
我個人深信誠實永遠是上策。
3. the quality of showing that one is firmly convinced of what one believes or says
堅信，確信
Her argument lacked conviction and failed to persuade the audience.
她的論點缺乏說服力，未能說服聽眾。
He answered the questions with total conviction.
他回答問題時充滿了確信。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| conviction + that + clause | 堅信…；深信… | He has a deep conviction that justice will prevail. (他深信正義終將勝利。) |
| conviction for + (crime/offense) | 因（某罪行）而被定罪 | She received a conviction for fraud. (她因詐欺罪而被定罪。) |
| with conviction | 堅定地；確信地 | She spoke with great conviction about her beliefs. (她非常堅定地談論她的信念。) |
| a conviction + verb (e.g., carries, stands) | 一個定罪（後接動詞，如成立、維持） | The conviction carries a sentence of five years. (這項定罪伴隨著五年的刑期。) |
| lack of conviction | 缺乏信念；不確定 | His argument failed due to a lack of conviction. (他的論點因缺乏信念而失敗。) |
| strong/firm/deep conviction | 強烈的/堅定的/深刻的信念 | His actions are guided by a strong moral conviction. (他的行為受到強烈道德信念的指引。) |
of 後面直接接被定罪的具體罪名。conviction of 幾乎相同，但 for 更強調「因為某種行為」而被定罪。在法律文書中，of 更為正式和常見。對比範例： EN: He received a conviction of murder after a lengthy trial. 翻譯: 經過漫長的審判後，他被判謀殺罪成立。
EN:She has a previous conviction for fraud.
翻譯:她有詐欺的前科。
對比範例： EN: The jury returned a conviction of armed robbery. 翻譯: 陪審團作出了武裝搶劫的有罪判決。
EN:He spoke with great conviction about the need for reform.
翻譯:他懷著堅定的信念談論改革的必要性。
在表示「定罪」時，conviction of 是最標準的搭配，而 conviction about 則用於表達對某事的「堅定信念」。
conviction vs belief
conviction 強調基於證據或深思熟慮後堅定不移的信念，常帶有強烈情感；belief 則泛指任何接受為真的想法，強度較弱。
conviction vs opinion
conviction 是深信不疑的強烈信念；opinion 是個人看法或觀點，可能改變且不那麼堅定。
conviction vs faith
conviction 通常基於理性或證據；faith 則強調在缺乏確鑿證據下的信任或宗教信仰。
在口語中，常用來引述或轉述他人的堅定信念或看法。 EN: She said with conviction, "I know we can do this." 翻譯: 她帶著堅定的信念說：「我知道我們能做到。」
EN:His voice carried a lot of conviction when he talked about his plans.
翻譯:當他談論他的計劃時，他的聲音充滿了說服力。
用來強調說話者對某事的強烈確信或信念，常與動詞如 "have", "speak with" 連用。 EN: I can say with absolute conviction that he's the right person for the job. 翻譯: 我可以非常肯定地說，他是這份工作的合適人選。
EN:She doesn't have much conviction in her own ideas.
翻譯:她對自己的想法沒有太多信心。
在思考或尋找合適詞語時，有時會用 "with the conviction that..." 作為短暫停頓並引出後續觀點。 EN: We moved forward, with the conviction that... things would eventually work out. 翻譯: 我們繼續前進，堅信...事情最終會解決的。
EN:He acted, with the conviction that... it was the only ethical choice.
翻譯:他採取行動，深信...這是唯一符合道德的選擇。
注意：在正式書寫中，應避免使用「停頓填充」的用法，並確保 "conviction" 的語法結構完整，不宜隨意插入停頓點。
strong conviction
adj + conviction
堅定的信念
previous conviction
adj + conviction
前科
carry conviction
verb + conviction
令人信服
lack of conviction
lack of + conviction
缺乏信念/信心
moral conviction
adj + conviction
道德信念
quash a conviction
verb + a conviction
撤銷定罪
deep-seated conviction
adj + conviction
根深蒂固的信念
speak with conviction
verb + with conviction
以堅定的語氣/信念說話
×He has a strong conviction to succeed.
✓He has a strong determination to succeed.
「conviction」指堅定的信念或確信，而非決心或毅力。表示「決心」應使用 determination, resolve, 或 commitment。
×The jury gave him a conviction for theft.
✓The jury returned a verdict of guilty, leading to his conviction for theft.
「conviction」是判決有罪的結果或狀態，不是陪審團「給予」的動作。陪審團做出的是「裁決」(verdict)，法官隨後根據裁決「宣告有罪判決」(enter a conviction)。
×I am in the conviction that we should act now.
✓I am under the conviction that we should act now. / I have the conviction that we should act now.
表達「持有某種信念」時，常見的搭配是「have a conviction」或「be under the conviction」。使用「in the conviction」是錯誤的介系詞搭配。
×His speech lacked conviction.
✓His speech lacked conviction. (Correct, but often misunderstood)
此句正確，但學習者常誤解「lack conviction」的意思。這裡的「conviction」不是指「定罪」，而是指「真誠的信念或說服力」。意思是「他的演講缺乏說服力/真誠感」。
×She has many convictions about environmental protection.
✓She has strong convictions about environmental protection.
「conviction」作為「信念」時，通常是可數名詞，但修飾語多用描述信念強度的形容詞（如 strong, deep, firm），而非數量（many）。「Many convictions」聽起來不自然，更像指多項「刑事定罪」。