指物質、環境或事物因混入有害或不純淨的東西而變得不潔或受損的狀態。
物理/環境污染
EN: The presence of harmful substances in the environment, such as air or water.
翻譯: 指環境中存在有害物質，例如空氣或水污染。
食品/物品污染
EN: The process of making food or objects unsafe by contact with bacteria or toxins.
翻譯: 指食品或物品因接觸細菌或毒素而變得不安全的過程。
資訊/數據污染
EN: The corruption or introduction of errors into data, information, or a system.
翻譯: 指數據、資訊或系統被破壞或混入錯誤。
文化/語言影響
EN: The influence of one language or culture on another, often seen as undesirable mixing.
翻譯: 指一種語言或文化對另一種的影響，通常被視為不當的混合。
小提醒：注意：在中文語境中，'contamination' 通常對應「污染」，但用於文化或語言影響時，有時會譯為「沾染」或「混雜」，需根據上下文選擇合適譯詞。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Contamination" from YouTube Videos
The strange politics of disgust | David Pizarro
TED
“This reaction expands into adulthood and becomes sort of a full-blown disgust response, no longer just about whether or not we're about to be poisoned, but whenever there's a threat of physical contamination from some source, But the face remains strikingly similar.”
1. the process of making something dirty, polluted, or poisonous by adding a harmful substance
因添加有害物質而使某物變髒、受污染或有毒的過程
The contamination of the river was caused by industrial waste.
河流的污染是由工業廢料造成的。
Food contamination can lead to serious illness.
食品污染可能導致嚴重的疾病。
2. the presence of an unwanted substance or microorganism that spoils a sample, experiment, or environment
存在破壞樣本、實驗或環境的不需要的物質或微生物
The lab results were unreliable due to bacterial contamination.
由於細菌污染，實驗室的結果不可靠。
Scientists must work in sterile conditions to avoid contamination of their cultures.
科學家必須在無菌環境下工作，以避免培養物受到污染。
3. the process by which one language or linguistic feature influences another in an undesirable way
一種語言或語言特徵以不良方式影響另一種語言的過程
Some linguists worry about the contamination of English by excessive use of internet slang.
一些語言學家擔心過度使用網路俚語會對英語造成污染。
The translation showed signs of contamination from the translator's native language.
這份翻譯顯示出受譯者母語影響的跡象。
4. the state of being morally corrupted or influenced by something bad
被邪惡事物道德腐化或影響的狀態
The scandal led to the contamination of the company's reputation.
這樁醜聞導致公司的聲譽受損。
He feared the contamination of his ideals by political compromise.
他擔心自己的理想會因政治妥協而受到玷污。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| contamination + of + noun | ...的污染 | The contamination of the water supply caused widespread illness. (供水系統的污染導致了大範圍的疾病。) |
| contamination + with + noun | 受到...的污染 | The lab samples showed contamination with a foreign substance. (實驗室樣本顯示受到外來物質的污染。) |
| risk of contamination | 污染的風險 | There is a high risk of contamination in the affected area. (受影響區域存在很高的污染風險。) |
| source of contamination | 污染源 | Investigators are still trying to locate the source of contamination. (調查人員仍在試圖找出污染源。) |
| prevent/avoid contamination | 防止/避免污染 | Strict protocols are in place to prevent contamination. (嚴格的協議已到位，以防止污染。) |
| lead to/cause contamination | 導致/造成污染 | A leak in the pipe could lead to contamination of the soil. (管道洩漏可能導致土壤污染。) |
EN:Authorities discovered heavy metal contamination in the soil samples.
翻譯:當局在土壤樣本中發現了重金屬污染。
EN:The contamination of the vaccine batch led to a massive recall.
翻譯:該批疫苗的污染導致了大規模召回。
EN:There is widespread bacterial contamination in the hospital's ventilation system.
翻譯:醫院的通風系統中存在廣泛的細菌污染。
在書寫時，若強調被污染的『對象』，使用 contamination of；若強調污染存在的『地點或範圍』，則使用 contamination in。
contamination vs pollution
「Contamination」通常指物質被有害或不需要的雜質侵入，使其變得不純淨或不安全，焦點在於「混入」的動作與結果，常用於食品、水源、樣本等具體事物。而「pollution」則指對環境（如空氣、水、土地）造成有害影響的廣泛行為或狀態，規模通常較大，且與環境破壞和公共衛生議題相關。
contamination vs infection
「Contamination」指病原體或有害物質存在於物體表面或介質中，可能導致危害，但尚未對生物體造成疾病。而「infection」專指病原體已侵入生物體（如人、動物）並在其體內生長繁殖，引發疾病的過程。簡單說，污染是「存在」，感染是「侵入並致病」。
contamination vs impurity
「Contamination」強調「污染」的動作或過程，指外來有害或不需要的物質混入原本純淨的物體中。而「impurity」則指物質中「不純淨的成分」本身，是一個靜態名詞，描述已存在於物質中的雜質，這些雜質不一定來自外部污染，也可能是製造過程中固有的。
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人關於汙染的擔憂或指控時，常用這個詞。 EN: She was worried about possible contamination in the water supply. 翻譯: 她很擔心供水系統可能受到汙染。
EN:His main argument was the contamination of the local ecosystem by the factory.
翻譯:他的主要論點是工廠對當地生態系統造成的汙染。
用於強調情況的嚴重性或普遍性，常與表示程度的詞語連用。 EN: The level of contamination in that river is just shocking. 翻譯: 那條河的汙染程度真是令人震驚。
EN:There's contamination everywhere you look in this industrial area.
翻譯:在這個工業區，放眼望去到處都是汙染。
在組織思緒或尋找合適詞語時，可能會用這個較長的詞作為短暫的停頓填充。 EN: The issue is... contamination... of both the soil and the groundwater. 翻譯: 問題是...汙染...對土壤和地下水都造成了影響。
EN:We need to address the, uh, contamination problem before it spreads.
翻譯:我們需要在問題擴散之前，解決這個，呃，汙染問題。
正式寫作注意：在學術或正式報告中，應避免將「contamination」用於停頓填充。建議使用更精確的描述，並具體說明汙染的類型、來源與程度，以保持文章的嚴謹性。
contamination of
contamination of [noun]
對...的污染
environmental contamination
environmental contamination
環境污染
cross-contamination
cross-contamination
交叉污染
risk of contamination
risk of contamination
污染風險
lead to contamination
lead to contamination
導致污染
source of contamination
source of contamination
污染源
radioactive contamination
radioactive contamination
放射性污染
level of contamination
level of contamination
污染程度
×The contamination of the water was happened last week.
✓The contamination of the water happened last week.
The verb 'happen' is intransitive and does not require the passive form 'was happened'. Use the simple past tense.
×There is a contamination in the laboratory.
✓There is contamination in the laboratory.
'Contamination' is often used as an uncountable noun when referring to the general state or presence of a polluting substance. Do not use the indefinite article 'a' in this context.
×We need to avoid food's contamination.
✓We need to avoid food contamination.
When 'contamination' is used as a noun modifier, the possessive form ('food's') is not standard. Use the noun 'food' directly as an attributive noun.
×The air contamination is getting more serious.
✓Air contamination is getting more serious.
When referring to a general concept or phenomenon (like air contamination as a type of pollution), it is often used without the definite article 'the'.
×The factory caused a big contamination to the river.
✓The factory caused severe contamination of the river.
The adjective 'big' is informal and imprecise for describing the degree of pollution. Use more formal adjectives like 'severe', 'significant', or 'widespread'. Also, the correct preposition is usually 'of', not 'to'.
×They are worrying about the contaminations from the landfill.
✓They are worried about the contamination from the landfill.
1) 'Worrying' is the present participle; the correct adjective form for the state of feeling concern is 'worried'. 2) 'Contamination' is typically uncountable in this context; using the plural form 'contaminations' is rare and sounds unnatural.