Axiom Meaning(定義、用法、例句與發音)

axiom

noun

快速理解

What does "Axiom" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Axiom"?

Axiom 指一個被視為不證自明、作為推理基礎的基本原則或公理。

  1. 1

    數學與邏輯

    EN: A statement accepted as true without proof, serving as a starting point for reasoning.

    翻譯: 一個被接受為真而無需證明的陳述,作為推理的起點。

  2. 2

    普遍原則

    EN: A self-evident or universally accepted principle or rule.

    翻譯: 一個不言自明或普遍接受的原則或規則。

  3. 3

    系統基礎

    EN: A fundamental assumption forming the basis of a theory or system of thought.

    翻譯: 構成一個理論或思想體系基礎的基本假設。

小提醒:Axiom 是系統的基石,本身不在此系統內被證明,但可用來推導出其他定理。它與 'theorem'(定理)不同,定理是需要證明的。

發音(How to Pronounce "Axiom" in English

How to pronounce "Axiom" in English?"Axiom" US vs UK pronunciation

點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。

Real-life Examples of "Axiom" from YouTube Videos

Dan Cobley: What physics taught me about marketing

TED

So next, the scientific method -- an axiom of physics, of all science -- says you cannot prove a hypothesis through observation.

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Definitions(定義)

What are the definitions of "Axiom"?How does "Axiom" change by context?

1. a statement or principle that is accepted as true without proof, serving as a starting point for further reasoning

一個被認為是自明、無需證明即為真的陳述或原理,作為進一步推理的起點

The axiom 'parallel lines never meet' is fundamental to Euclidean geometry.

『平行線永不相交』這條公理是歐幾里得幾何學的基礎。

In mathematics, we often begin with a set of axioms and derive theorems from them.

在數學中,我們通常從一組公理出發,並從中推導出定理。

2. a universally accepted principle or rule

一個被普遍接受的原則或規則

It is a basic axiom of economics that resources are scarce.

資源是稀缺的,這是經濟學的一個基本公理。

The company operates on the axiom that the customer is always right.

這家公司以『顧客永遠是對的』這條公理為經營準則。

3. a proposition in logic or mathematics that is assumed without proof for the sake of studying the consequences that follow from it

在邏輯或數學中,為了研究由其推導出的結果而無需證明即被假定成立的命題

Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory is built upon a collection of axioms.

策梅洛-弗蘭克爾集合論是建立在一組公理之上的。

The choice of which axioms to adopt can define an entire mathematical system.

選擇採用哪些公理可以定義整個數學體系。

Grammar & Patterns(句型)

What are common sentence patterns for "Axiom"?How to make natural sentences with "Axiom"?
PatternMeaningExample
axiom + of + [noun]...的定理/原理The axiom of choice is fundamental to modern mathematics. (選擇公理是現代數學的基礎。)
accept/take + something + as an axiom將...視為公理We must accept this statement as an axiom for the argument to proceed. (我們必須將此陳述視為公理,論證才能繼續。)
be based on the axiom that + [clause]基於...的公理His theory is based on the axiom that all men are created equal. (他的理論基於人人生而平等的公理。)
challenge/question + an axiom挑戰/質疑一個公理Great thinkers often challenge the axioms of their time. (偉大的思想家經常挑戰他們時代的公理。)
a fundamental/basic axiom一個基本公理"Actions have consequences" is a fundamental axiom of ethics. (「行為必有後果」是倫理學的一個基本公理。)

用法說明

How is "Axiom" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Axiom"?

axiom of vs axiom for

  • axiom of 通常用於表示「關於...的公理」,直接說明該公理所屬的理論或概念領域。
  • axiom for 則常用於表示「適用於...的公理」,強調其作為某個特定系統或結構的基礎規則。
  • 在數學哲學討論中,axiom of 側重公理的內容本體,而 axiom for 可能更側重其功能性角色。 EN: The axiom of choice is a fundamental principle in set theory. 翻譯: 選擇公理是集合論中的一個基本原則。

EN:This is a basic axiom for any logical reasoning system.

翻譯:這是任何邏輯推理系統的基本公理。

EN:He questioned the axiom of universal causality in physics.

翻譯:他質疑物理學中普遍因果關係的公理。

EN:The first axiom for a just society is equal treatment under the law.

翻譯:一個公正社會的首要公理是法律面前人人平等。

總結建議

在指稱公理所屬的理論時用 "axiom of",在說明公理所適用的系統時則可考慮 "axiom for"。

易混淆對比

What is the difference between "Axiom" and similar words?How to choose "Axiom" vs alternatives?

axiom vs theorem

axiom(公理)是無需證明、被視為自明的基本前提;theorem(定理)則是基於公理或已證定理,透過邏輯推導證明出的陳述。

axiom vs postulate

在現代用法中,axiom(公理)與 postulate(公設)通常可互換,指邏輯或數學系統中不證自明的基本假設。傳統上,postulate 有時更專指特定學科(如幾何)的起點假設。

axiom vs maxim

axiom(公理)是數學、邏輯或科學中客觀、形式化的基本原則;maxim(格言)則是關於人類行為或處世智慧的主觀、經驗性準則或諺語。

口語用法

How is "Axiom" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Axiom"?

引述

在對話中,當引述或提及一個普遍接受的公理時,常用來開啟話題或作為論述的基礎。 EN: You know the old axiom, "time is money." 翻譯: 你知道那句老話,「時間就是金錢」。

EN:As the axiom goes, "actions speak louder than words."

翻譯:正如那句格言所說,「行動勝於雄辯」。

語氣強調

使用 "axiom" 來強調某個觀點是無需爭辯、不言自明的真理,以加強說服力。 EN: It's basically an axiom in our field that user experience comes first. 翻譯: 在我們這行,使用者體驗優先基本上是條公理。

EN:That's not just my opinion, it's an industry axiom.

翻譯:那不只是我的看法,那是業界的公認準則。

停頓填充

在較為隨意或思考性的對話中,有時會用 "axiom" 作為一個略帶幽默或誇張的填充詞,來描述一個被過度簡化的「真理」。 EN: Well, the family axiom is that I'm always the last to know anything. 翻譯: 唉,我們家的「公理」就是,我永遠是最後一個知道任何事的人。

EN:His personal axiom seems to be "never apologize."

翻譯:他個人的「信條」似乎是「絕不道歉」。

正式寫作注意:在學術或正式寫作中,應謹慎使用 "axiom",因其特指數學、邏輯或哲學中嚴格定義的初始命題。在一般論述中,若想表達「普遍原則」或「廣為接受的觀念」,使用 "principle"、"maxim" 或 "truism" 可能更為精準,以避免用詞過於強硬或技術性。

常見短語

What common collocations use "Axiom"?What fixed phrases with "Axiom" should I remember?

fundamental axiom

adjective + axiom

基本公理;根本原則

mathematical axiom

adjective + axiom

數學公理

self-evident axiom

adjective + axiom

不證自明的公理

accept something as an axiom

verb + something + as + axiom

將某事視為公理接受

challenge an axiom

verb + axiom

挑戰公理

axiom of logic

axiom + of + noun

邏輯公理

axiom of choice

axiom + of + noun

選擇公理

常見錯誤

What are common mistakes with "Axiom"?Which "Axiom" sentences look correct but are wrong?

×This is an axiom theory in mathematics.

This is an axiomatic theory in mathematics.

「axiom」是名詞,指公理本身。形容詞形式是「axiomatic」,用來描述基於公理或具有公理性質的事物。

×We need to prove this axiom before using it.

We need to accept this axiom before using it.

「axiom」(公理)是無需證明、被視為自明或作為推理起點的基本假設。因此動詞應使用「accept」、「assume」、「postulate」或「take as given」,而不是「prove」。

×His kindness is an axiom.

His kindness is proverbial. / It is an axiom that kindness is virtuous.

「axiom」通常用於邏輯、數學、哲學等正式領域,指普遍接受的原則或前提。描述個人的特質廣為人知時,應使用「proverbial」或「well-known」。若要使用「axiom」,應將其用於表述一個普遍原則的句子中。

×She gave me a good axiom about life.

She gave me a good piece of advice / a wise saying about life.

「axiom」是嚴謹的、系統性的基本原則,而非一般的建議或格言。提供個人建議或生活智慧時,應使用「advice」、「maxim」、「proverb」或「saying」。

×The axioms are very difficult to understand.

The theorems derived from the axioms are very difficult to understand.

「axiom」(公理)本身通常是簡單、自明或作為基礎的假設。真正複雜難懂的是由公理推導出來的「theorem」(定理)或「proof」(證明)。這個錯誤在於混淆了公理與其推論。

詞形變化

What are the word forms of "Axiom"?What are tense/participle forms of "Axiom"?