1. to have something as part of a whole
包含，包括
The price includes breakfast.
這個價格包含早餐。
Does the tour include museum tickets?
這個行程包含博物館門票嗎？
Include Meaning（定義、用法、例句與發音）
include
verb
快速理解
What does "Include" mean?What are 2-3 core uses of "Include"?
「include」表示將某物或某人作為整體的一部分，或使其成為內容的一部分。
- 1
包含、包括
EN: The price includes breakfast and Wi-Fi.
翻譯: 這個價格包含早餐和無線網路。
- 2
納入、使成為一部分
EN: Please include your contact information in the application.
翻譯: 請在申請中納入你的聯絡資訊。
- 3
涵蓋、涉及
EN: The tour includes a visit to the museum.
翻譯: 這趟旅程涵蓋參觀博物館。
- 4
算入、計入
EN: Did you include tax in the total cost?
翻譯: 你有把稅金算入總成本嗎？
小提醒：注意「include」與「contain」的區別：「include」強調「整體包含部分」，而「contain」更側重「內部裝有或容納」。例如：The box contains books.（箱子裡裝著書。）The list includes my name.（名單上有我的名字。）
發音（How to Pronounce "Include" in English）
How to pronounce "Include" in English?"Include" US vs UK pronunciation
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Include" from YouTube Videos
Boghuma Kabisen Titanji: Ethical riddles in HIV research
TED
“Even more problematic reasons include lower risk of litigation, less rigorous ethical reviews and populations that are willing to participate in almost any study that hints at a cure.”
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Definitions（定義）
What are the definitions of "Include"?How does "Include" change by context?
2. to make someone or something part of a group or set
納入，使成為一部分
Please include your contact information in the email.
請在電子郵件中納入你的聯絡資訊。
They decided to include three new members in the team.
他們決定讓三名新成員加入團隊。
3. to consider or treat someone or something as part of something
考慮在內，涵蓋
When calculating the total cost, you must include taxes.
計算總成本時，你必須把稅金考慮在內。
The report includes data from the last five years.
這份報告涵蓋了過去五年的數據。
Grammar & Patterns（句型）
What are common sentence patterns for "Include"?How to make natural sentences with "Include"?
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| include + noun | 包含（某物或某人） | The price includes breakfast and Wi-Fi. (價格包含早餐和無線網路。) |
| include + V-ing | 包含（做某事） | His duties include managing the team and reporting to the director. (他的職責包含管理團隊和向主管匯報。) |
| be included in + noun | 被包含在…之內 | All necessary tools are included in the kit. (所有必要工具都包含在套件內。) |
| include + noun + as + noun | 將…納入作為… | They included her as a key member of the project. (他們將她納入作為該專案的關鍵成員。) |
| include + noun + among + noun | 將…列入…之中 | I would include this book among the classics. (我會將這本書列入經典著作之中。) |
用法說明
How is "Include" different from similar structures?What usage mistakes are common with "Include"?
include doing vs include to do
- include doing 是標準且常見的用法，表示「包含做某事」這個事實或行為本身。動名詞 (doing) 在這裡作為介系詞 "include" 的受詞。
- include to do 在標準文法中是錯誤的，因為 "include" 不是不定詞動詞，後面不接 "to do" 來表示目的或意圖。
- 當你想表達「包含某個動作」時，應使用 include + [名詞/動名詞] 的結構。
- 若要表達「為了包含...而做某事」，需使用其他動詞，如 "add" 或 "incorporate"，並搭配不定詞表示目的。 EN: The package tour includes visiting three ancient temples. 翻譯: 這個套裝行程包含參觀三座古廟。
EN:The package tour includes to visit three ancient temples.
翻譯:(錯誤用法)
EN:His responsibilities include managing the team and reporting to the director.
翻譯:他的職責包括管理團隊以及向主管匯報。
EN:His responsibilities include to manage the team.
翻譯:(錯誤用法)
總結建議
在表達「包含」某項活動或任務時，請一律使用 include doing (或 include + 名詞) 的結構，避免使用 "include to do"。
易混淆對比
What is the difference between "Include" and similar words?How to choose "Include" vs alternatives?
include vs contain
「include」強調「包含」作為整體的一部分，可能是列舉或清單中的項目；「contain」強調「裝有」或「容納」，指物理上或抽象上內部擁有的內容。
include vs involve
「include」指客觀上「包含」某物或某人作為一部分；「involve」則強調「涉及」或「牽涉」，常與過程、參與或必要條件相關。
include vs consist of
「include」用於列舉部分組成項目，可能未列全；「consist of」則用於說明完整的組成成分，強調「由...構成」。
口語用法
How is "Include" used in spoken English?What is the spoken vs formal difference for "Include"?
引述
在口語中，常用來引述或舉例說明已涵蓋的內容。 EN: So the package includes, like, a charger, cables, and the manual. 翻譯: 所以這個套裝包括，像是充電器、線材和說明書。
EN:What does the tour include? Does it include meals?
翻譯:這趟行程包含什麼？有包含餐點嗎？
語氣強調
用於強調某事物是整體的一部分，有時會拉長發音或加重語氣。 EN: That price does NOT include service fee, okay? 翻譯: 那個價格「不包含」服務費，好嗎？
EN:The team includes some really big names.
翻譯:這個團隊裡可是包含了一些響噹噹的人物。
停頓填充
在思考或列舉時，作為暫時的停頓用詞。 EN: The benefits... include... health insurance and paid leave. 翻譯: 福利嘛…包括…健康保險和有薪假。
EN:We need to consider factors that include, you know, cost and timing.
翻譯:我們需要考慮的因素包括，你知道的，成本和時程。
正式書寫注意：在正式報告或學術寫作中，應避免使用口語中的停頓填充用法（如「include, you know...」），並確保列舉內容完整、結構清晰。
常見短語
What common collocations use "Include"?What fixed phrases with "Include" should I remember?
include as part of
include something as part of something
將某事物納入為某整體的一部分
include in the list
include someone/something in the list
將某人/某事物列入清單中
include in the discussion
include someone/something in the discussion
將某人/某議題納入討論中
include with
include something with something
將某物隨同某物一起附上
include among
include someone/something among something
將某人/某事物歸入或算作…之一
include in the price
include something in the price
價格已包含某項目
include but not limited to
including but not limited to
包括但不限於（常用於法律或正式文件）
include as an option
include something as an option
將某事物列為可選項目
常見錯誤
What are common mistakes with "Include"?Which "Include" sentences look correct but are wrong?
×The price includes of tax.
✓The price includes tax.
"Include" is a transitive verb and does not need a preposition like "of" before its object. The object follows directly after the verb.
×My hobbies include to read and to swim.
✓My hobbies include reading and swimming.
After "include", we use a noun, pronoun, or gerund (-ing form), not an infinitive (to + verb).
×The list is including three items.
✓The list includes three items.
We usually use the simple present tense "includes" to state a fact or a permanent feature. The continuous form "is including" is rarely used for this meaning.
×The tour included visit the museum.
✓The tour included a visit to the museum.
The object of "include" must be a noun or noun phrase. "Visit" here needs an article (a/the) to become a noun phrase, or you must use the gerund "visiting".
×Is Tom included in the team? Yes, he includes.
✓Is Tom included in the team? Yes, he is included.
When talking about someone or something being part of a group, we use the passive voice "is/are included". The active voice "he includes" means he is the one doing the including.
×The conference will include from experts in various fields.
✓The conference will include experts from various fields.
The preposition "from" describes the origin of the experts, not what is included. The object of "include" is "experts", and "from various fields" modifies it.
詞形變化
What are the word forms of "Include"?What are tense/participle forms of "Include"?
includes(3rd_singular)including(present_participle)included(past)included(past_participle)