形容事物複雜、難以理解或盤繞交錯。
複雜難懂
EN: extremely complex and difficult to follow
翻譯: 指想法、解釋、情節等極其複雜且難以理解。
盤繞交錯
EN: having many twists and coils
翻譯: 指物理形態上彎曲、纏繞、盤根錯節的。
冗長繁瑣
EN: involving many intricate details or lengthy procedures
翻譯: 形容過程、系統或論述因細節過多而顯得冗長繁瑣。
小提醒：注意：此字帶有負面含義，通常暗示不必要的複雜或令人困惑，而非單純中性描述「複雜」。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Convoluted" from YouTube Videos
CERN's supercollider | Brian Cox
TED
“If it's not true -- because it's quite a convoluted mechanism, although it's the simplest we've been able to think of -- then whatever does the job of the Higgs particles we know have to turn up at the LHC.”
1. (of an argument, story, or sentence) extremely complex and difficult to follow
（論點、故事或句子）極其複雜且難以理解的
The plot of the novel was so convoluted that I had to read it twice to understand it.
這本小說的劇情太過錯綜複雜，我必須讀兩遍才能理解。
He gave a convoluted explanation that left everyone more confused.
他給出了一個令人費解的解釋，讓大家更加困惑。
2. (of a structure or form) having many twists, turns, or coils
（結構或形狀）盤繞的，彎曲的，迴旋的
The convoluted passages of the ancient cave system were easy to get lost in.
古老洞穴系統中蜿蜒曲折的通道很容易讓人迷路。
The shell had a beautifully convoluted pattern on its surface.
這貝殼的表面有著美麗的迴旋紋路。
3. (of a process or system) unnecessarily complicated and inefficient
（過程或系統）不必要地複雜且低效的
The company's convoluted approval process delayed the project for months.
公司繁瑣的審批流程讓該專案延遲了數月。
Navigating the convoluted bureaucracy was a frustrating experience.
應付繁文縟節的官僚體系是一段令人沮喪的經歷。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| be + convoluted | 複雜難懂的 | The plot of the novel is incredibly convoluted. (這本小說的劇情極其複雜難懂。) |
| convoluted + noun | 複雜的、盤根錯節的 | He gave a convoluted explanation for his absence. (他為自己的缺席給出了一個複雜難懂的解釋。) |
| become/get + convoluted | 變得複雜 | The legal process has become unnecessarily convoluted. (這個法律程序變得沒必要地複雜。) |
| more/less + convoluted | 更/較不複雜 | The second draft of the proposal was less convoluted than the first. (提案的第二稿比第一稿沒那麼複雜。) |
| a convoluted way of + V-ing | 一種複雜的...方式 | She has a convoluted way of solving simple problems. (她有一種把簡單問題複雜化的解決方式。) |
EN:It is convoluted to navigate the legal system without a lawyer.
翻譯:沒有律師的協助，要在法律體系中周旋是件非常複雜的事。
在描述事物本身複雜時，多用「convoluted doing」；在描述執行某動作的過程複雜時，則用「convoluted to do」或「it is convoluted to do」的結構。
convoluted vs complex
「convoluted」強調因過度複雜、迂迴而難以理解，常帶有負面含義；「complex」僅描述結構或系統的複雜性，為中性詞。
convoluted vs complicated
「convoluted」強調因過度迂迴、糾結而難以理解；「complicated」則指因多個因素或步驟而變得困難，但可能仍有邏輯可循。
convoluted vs intricate
「convoluted」帶有負面評價，指混亂難懂；「intricate」則是正面或中性，讚美精細複雜的工藝或設計。
用於引述或轉述他人複雜、難以理解的說法或論點，帶有輕微的質疑或無奈語氣。 EN: He gave me a convoluted explanation about why the project was delayed. 翻譯: 他給了我一個關於專案為何延遲的、非常迂迴複雜的解釋。
EN:She went off on a convoluted tangent about office politics.
翻譯:她開始離題，滔滔不絕地講起一段關於辦公室政治的複雜論述。
在對話中重複或加強語氣，以強調某事物極度複雜、不必要地繞圈子，常帶有負面評價。 EN: The instructions were just so convoluted—no one could figure them out. 翻譯: 那些說明實在是太繁複了——根本沒人能搞懂。
EN:It's a convoluted, convoluted process to get a simple permit here.
翻譯:要在這裡取得一張簡單的許可證，過程真是複雜到不行。
作為思考時的填充詞，用來描述一個正在形成的複雜想法或情況，常用於 "It's... convoluted." 這類句型。 EN: The plot of that movie is... well, convoluted, to say the least. 翻譯: 那部電影的情節嘛... 嗯，至少可以說是很錯綜複雜。
EN:Our relationship history is a bit... convoluted. Let's not get into it now.
翻譯:我們的關係史有點... 糾葛。現在就先別談這個了。
正式寫作注意：在學術或正式商業寫作中，應避免將 "convoluted" 用於口語化的強調或填充停頓。建議改用更精確、中性的詞彙，如 "complex", "intricate", "tortuous"，並提供具體說明，以維持文章的嚴謹與清晰度。
convoluted argument
convoluted + noun
複雜難懂的論點
convoluted explanation
convoluted + noun
迂迴複雜的解釋
convoluted plot
convoluted + noun
錯綜複雜的情節
convoluted process
convoluted + noun
繁瑣複雜的程序
convoluted sentence
convoluted + noun
冗長複雜的句子
convoluted thinking
convoluted + noun
迂迴複雜的思維
convoluted bureaucracy
convoluted + noun
繁文縟節的官僚體系
convoluted history
convoluted + noun
錯綜複雜的歷史
×The convolute of the story made it hard to follow.
✓The convoluted nature of the story made it hard to follow.
「convoluted」是形容詞，不是名詞。當需要名詞形式時，應使用「convoluted nature」、「convoluted structure」等短語，或改用名詞「complexity」。
×The instructions were very convoluted; they were simple and clear.
✓The instructions were very convoluted; they were complicated and hard to follow.
「convoluted」意指「複雜難懂的、盤根錯節的」，帶有負面含義，與「simple」意思相反。常見錯誤是將其與「complex」完全等同，但「convoluted」更強調不必要的、令人困惑的複雜性。
×The argument was very convoluted (mispronounced as /ˈkɒnvəluːtɪd/ or misspelled as 'convulated').
✓The argument was very convoluted (pronounced /ˈkɒnvəluːtɪd/).
常見拼寫錯誤是誤寫為「convulated」，正確拼寫為「convoluted」。發音時重音在第一音節，且「lu」發音為 /luː/，而非 /lə/。
×The legal document was very much convoluted and complicated.
✓The legal document was convoluted.
「convoluted」本身已包含「非常複雜且令人困惑」的意思，通常不需要與「complicated」、「complex」或「very much」等詞連用，否則會顯得多餘。
×The road to my house is pretty convoluted, with lots of turns.
✓The route to my house is very winding/twisty.
雖然「convoluted」字面意思可指「盤繞的」（如大腦的「convoluted surface」），但用於描述具體道路時顯得不自然且過於正式。在描述實體道路彎曲時，使用「winding」、「twisty」或「complicated」更為自然。