指獲取、處理和理解知識與資訊的心理過程。
核心定義
EN: The mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
翻譯: 透過思考、經驗和感官來獲取知識與理解的心理過程。
心理學領域
EN: In psychology, it encompasses processes like perception, reasoning, memory, and attention.
翻譯: 在心理學中，它涵蓋了感知、推理、記憶和注意力等過程。
哲學與科學
EN: In philosophy and cognitive science, it refers to the study of how the mind works.
翻譯: 在哲學與認知科學中，它指對心智如何運作的研究。
具體能力
EN: The specific ability or act of knowing something, often contrasted with emotion or instinct.
翻譯: 指認知某事物的具體能力或行為，常與情感或本能相對。
小提醒：注意：'cognition' 是不可數名詞，通常不直接加 'a' 或使用複數形式。它是一個涵蓋多種心智活動的集合概念。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Cognition" from YouTube Videos
Steven Pinker: What our language habits reveal
TED
“The solution is that these constructions, despite initial appearance, are not synonymous, that when you crank up the microscope on human cognition you see that there's a subtle difference in meaning between them.”
1. the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses
透過思考、經驗和感官獲取知識與理解的心理活動或過程
The study of human cognition is a central topic in psychology.
對人類認知的研究是心理學的核心課題。
Aging can sometimes affect memory and other aspects of cognition.
老化有時會影響記憶力與其他方面的認知功能。
2. a result of this process; a perception, sensation, idea, or intuition
此過程的結果；一種知覺、感覺、想法或直覺
The strange sound triggered a sudden cognition of danger.
那奇怪的聲音引發了對危險的突然感知。
His writings explore the cognitions that arise from deep meditation.
他的著作探討了深度冥想所產生的種種覺知。
3. the conscious intellectual activity of the mind, such as thinking, reasoning, or remembering
心智有意識的智力活動，如思考、推理或記憶
The brain injury impaired his basic cognition, making simple decisions difficult.
腦部損傷損害了他的基本認知能力，使得做簡單決定都很困難。
Artificial intelligence aims to simulate human cognition in machines.
人工智慧的目標是在機器上模擬人類的認知。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| cognition + of + noun | 對…的認知 | His research focuses on the **cognition of** complex systems. (他的研究聚焦於對複雜系統的認知。) |
| cognition + that + clause | …的認知（後接子句） | The theory is based on the **cognition that** the mind processes information in stages. (這個理論基於心智分階段處理資訊的認知。) |
| human/animal/artificial + cognition | 人類/動物/人工的認知 | The course covers topics in **artificial cognition**. (這門課程涵蓋人工認知的主題。) |
| study/understand/improve + cognition | 研究/理解/改善認知 | Scientists aim to **understand cognition** through brain imaging. (科學家旨在透過腦部成像來理解認知。) |
| a theory/model of cognition | 一種認知理論/模型 | She proposed a new **model of cognition**. (她提出了一個新的認知模型。) |
EN:Memory is a key cognitive function.
翻譯:記憶力是一項關鍵的認知功能。
使用時，請根據句子中需要的詞性（名詞或形容詞）來選擇 cognition 或 cognitive。
cognition vs perception
「cognition」指高階的思考與理解過程，如推理、記憶；「perception」則指透過感官接收訊息的初始過程。
cognition vs consciousness
「cognition」指具體的認知功能；「consciousness」則指整體的意識狀態或清醒覺知。
cognition vs intelligence
「cognition」是心智過程的統稱；「intelligence」則是運用這些過程解決問題、適應環境的綜合能力。
在對話中，當你引述或轉述他人的想法、理論或研究發現時，可以用 "cognition" 來概括性地指稱那些心智活動。 EN: So, the professor's main argument is that human cognition is deeply shaped by our social environment. 翻譯: 所以，教授的主要論點是，人類的認知深受我們的社會環境所塑造。
EN:I was reading this article that links sleep quality to cognitive decline.
翻譯:我讀到一篇將睡眠品質與認知衰退連結起來的文章。
在口語中，有時會用 "cognition" 來強調某件事是純粹的「心智活動」或「思考過程」，以區別於情感或直覺。 EN: That's not just a feeling; it's a matter of cognition—how your brain processes the information. 翻譯: 那不只是一種感覺；這是認知的問題——你的大腦如何處理這些資訊。
EN:Don't overcomplicate it. At its core, it's a simple cognitive process.
翻譯:別搞得太複雜。從根本上說，它就是一個簡單的認知過程。
在較為學術或正式的討論中，說話者可能會在組織思緒時，用 "cognition" 或相關詞彙作為短暫的停頓填充，以保持話語的連貫性。 EN: The study focuses on, you know, cognition and... how it changes with age. 翻譯: 這項研究主要關注，你知道的，認知以及…它如何隨年齡變化。
EN:It's about the link between, um, cognition and emotional regulation.
翻譯:這是關於，嗯，認知和情緒調節之間的連結。
注意：在正式寫作（如學術論文、報告）中，應避免將 "cognition" 用作填充詞，並確保其使用精確且符合學術語境。
human cognition
noun + noun
人類認知
social cognition
adjective + noun
社會認知
cognitive processes
adjective + noun
認知過程
enhance cognition
verb + noun
提升/增強認知
impairment of cognition
noun + of + noun
認知損傷/障礙
theories of cognition
noun + of + noun
認知理論
animal cognition
noun + noun
動物認知
level of cognition
noun + of + noun
認知水平/程度
×His cognition about the world is very wide.
✓His knowledge about the world is very broad.
"Cognition" refers to the mental process of acquiring knowledge and understanding, not the knowledge itself. Use "knowledge" for the information or facts someone possesses.
×I need to improve my English cognition.
✓I need to improve my English comprehension.
"Cognition" is a broad, often academic term for mental processes. For language learning, "comprehension" (understanding) or "proficiency" is more natural and precise.
×She has a good cognition.
✓She has good cognitive abilities. / She is very perceptive.
"Cognition" is an uncountable noun referring to the process or faculty. You cannot "have a cognition." Use "cognitive abilities" or a more common adjective like "perceptive" or "sharp."
×The robot's cognition is amazing.
✓The robot's ability to process information is amazing.
"Cognition" is strongly associated with biological, especially human, mental processes. For AI or robots, terms like "information processing," "algorithms," or "machine learning" are more accurate and less ambiguous.
×Cognition is important for students.
✓Cognitive skills are important for students. / The ability to think critically is important for students.
While true, the sentence is overly vague and academic. In everyday or educational contexts, it's more natural to specify "cognitive skills" or concrete abilities like "critical thinking," "memory," or "problem-solving."