指個人或組織對其行為、決策和表現負有解釋和承擔後果的責任。
核心責任
EN: The obligation to explain and justify one's actions.
翻譯: 對自身行為進行解釋和辯解的義務。
制度要求
EN: A system or principle of holding individuals or organizations responsible for their performance.
翻譯: 要求個人或組織對其表現負責的制度或原則。
道德與社會層面
EN: The ethical and social expectation to answer for the outcomes of one's duties.
翻譯: 對自身職責所產生的結果負責的道德與社會期望。
法律與財務義務
EN: Legal or financial liability for one's actions or stewardship of resources.
翻譯: 對自身行為或資源管理所負有的法律或財務責任。
小提醒：注意：'accountability' 常與 'responsibility' 混淆。'Responsibility' 指被賦予的職責或任務，而 'accountability' 強調對該職責的履行結果負有解釋和承擔後果的終極責任。
點擊下方的 US / UK 按鈕可播放發音。
Real-life Examples of "Accountability" from YouTube Videos
Boghuma Kabisen Titanji: Ethical riddles in HIV research
TED
“Public accountability needs to be promoted through transparency and independent review by nongovernmental and international organizations as appropriate.”
1. the fact or condition of being responsible for your actions or decisions and expected to explain them
對自己的行為或決定負責並需為其作出解釋的事實或狀態
The new law increases the accountability of public officials.
新法律增加了公職人員的問責性。
There is a lack of accountability in the organization's management.
該組織的管理層缺乏問責制。
2. a system or process that makes people or organizations responsible for their performance
使人或組織對其表現負責的制度或流程
The company has implemented strict financial accountability measures.
該公司已實施嚴格的財務問責措施。
Transparency and accountability are key to good governance.
透明度和問責制是良好治理的關鍵。
3. personal willingness to accept the consequences of one's own actions
個人願意承擔自身行為後果的意願
He showed great accountability by admitting his mistake immediately.
他立即承認錯誤，展現了高度的責任感。
Taking accountability for your team's failure is a sign of leadership.
為團隊的失敗承擔責任是領導力的表現。
| Pattern | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| accountability + for + noun | 對…的責任 | The manager has accountability for the project's success. (經理對專案的成功負有責任。) |
| hold + someone + accountable | 要求某人負責 | The public will hold the officials accountable. (公眾將要求官員們負責。) |
| a sense of accountability | 責任感 | A good leader must have a strong sense of accountability. (一位好的領導者必須有強烈的責任感。) |
| lack of accountability | 缺乏問責 | The scandal revealed a lack of accountability in the system. (這樁醜聞揭露了系統中缺乏問責機制。) |
| demand accountability | 要求問責 | Citizens are demanding accountability from their government. (公民正在要求他們的政府承擔責任。) |
EN:The government's primary accountability is to the citizens.
翻譯:政府首要的負責對象是公民。
使用時，請根據焦點是「責任內容」還是「負責對象」來選擇 accountability for 或 accountability to。
accountability vs responsibility
「accountability」強調事後對結果的解釋與承擔，通常對外部負責；「responsibility」則指被賦予的職責或義務，是事前的任務分配。
accountability vs liability
「accountability」是道德或制度上的問責概念；「liability」是法律或財務上的具體賠償責任。
accountability vs answerability
「accountability」包含承擔後果的義務；「answerability」僅指有義務提供解釋或回答。
在對話中，當引述或轉述他人要求或社會期望時，常用此字來表達責任歸屬。 EN: "The board's message was clear: we need more accountability." 翻譯: 董事會的訊息很明確：我們需要更多的問責。
EN:"She kept saying, 'Where's the accountability in this process?'"
翻譯:她一直說：『這個流程的問責性在哪裡？』
在爭論或嚴肅討論中，用來強調追究責任的必要性，常與加強語氣的詞彙連用。 EN: "There has to be some accountability for this failure." 翻譯: 這次的失敗必須有人負責。
EN:"What we're lacking is real accountability."
翻譯:我們所缺乏的是真正的問責制。
在組織思緒或尋找合適字眼時，可能用此較正式的詞作為填充，使陳述聽起來更慎重。 EN: "The issue, at its core, is about... accountability and transparency." 翻譯: 這個問題的核心，是關於…問責與透明度。
EN:"We're looking for a solution based on, you know, mutual accountability."
翻譯:我們正在尋求一個基於，嗯，相互問責的解決方案。
正式書寫注意：在正式報告或學術寫作中，應避免將「accountability」用作填充詞。它應被精確地用於描述制度、角色或過程中的責任關係，並提供具體的定義或框架。
hold someone accountable
hold [person/entity] accountable
要求某人或某實體承擔責任
lack of accountability
lack of accountability
缺乏問責制；責任缺失
personal accountability
personal accountability
個人責任；個人擔責
public accountability
public accountability
公眾監督；公共責任
demand accountability
demand accountability
要求問責；追究責任
financial accountability
financial accountability
財務責任；財務問責
a culture of accountability
a culture of accountability
問責文化；責任文化
escape accountability
escape/avoid accountability
逃避責任；規避問責
×The government needs to establish a strong accountability.
✓The government needs to establish strong accountability.
"Accountability" is an uncountable noun. Do not use an indefinite article (a/an) before it when referring to the general concept.
×It is your accountability to finish the report.
✓It is your responsibility to finish the report.
"Accountability" refers to the obligation to report, explain, and be answerable for consequences. "Responsibility" is the duty to perform a task. Use "responsibility" for assigned tasks and "accountability" for being answerable for outcomes.
×The minister took accountability of the scandal.
✓The minister took accountability for the scandal.
The correct preposition after "accountability" (and verbs like "take", "have") is "for", not "of", when indicating what one is accountable for.
×We need to clarify the accountabilities of each team.
✓We need to clarify the accountability of each team. / We need to clarify each team's areas of accountability.
"Accountability" is generally uncountable. While "accountabilities" is sometimes used in corporate jargon to mean specific areas of accountability, it is non-standard and best avoided by learners. Use the singular form or rephrase.
×Accountability are important for good governance.
✓Accountability is important for good governance.
Since "accountability" is an uncountable singular noun, it takes a singular verb (is, was, has).
×The investigation is about finding accountability for the accident.
✓The investigation is about establishing accountability for the accident.
"Accountability" is the state of being accountable; it is not a person or thing you "find". Use verbs like "establish", "determine", "assign", or "ensure" with it.